Title Interlanguage refusals : a cross-cultural study of Japanese-English / Susan M. Gass and Noël Houck

Published Berlin ; New York : Mouton de Gruyter, 1999

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Description 1 online resource (x, [264] pages) : illustrations Series Studies on language acquisition ; 15 Studies on language acquisition ; 15. Contents Acknowledgements -- 1. The study of refusals -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Refusals -- 3. Possible refusal trajectories -- 4. Categorizing refusal responses -- 4.1. Identifying refusal features -- 4.2. Classification systems -- 5. Studies of refusals -- 2. Issues of methodology -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data collection -- 2.1. Discourse completion tests -- 2.2. Role play -- 2.3. Other methodology comparisons -- 3. Video data -- 4. Data-base -- 5. Analysis of interactional aspects â€? Effect of open role play -- 5.1. Quantitative analysis 5.2. Qualitative analysis: Classifying the data6. Analysis of nonverbal aspects â€? Effect of video -- 6.1. Nonverbal messages -- 6.2. Physical context -- 6.3. Directionality and intensity of attention -- 6.4. Affect -- 6.5. Disadvantages -- 7. Conclusion -- 3. Episodes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The episode -- 3. A complete refusal sequence -- 4. Analysis -- 4.1. Quantitative analysis -- 4.2. Qualitative analysis -- 5. Interpretation -- 6. Conclusion -- 4. Non-native management of back channels in English refusals -- 1. Introduction 2. Back channels3. Head movement -- 4. Japanese and English nonverbal indicators -- 5. Issues of methodology -- 6. Analysis -- 6.1. Ability -- 6.2. Distribution: High frequency contexts -- 6.3. Distribution: A low frequency context -- 6.4. Problems -- 7. Conclusion -- 5. Nonverbal behavior in non-native English refusals -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Nonverbal behavior -- 2.1. Strategic uses of nonverbal behavior -- 2.2. Cross-cultural differences in nonverbal behavior -- 3. The data -- 4. Comparison of non-native speakersâ€? nonverbal behavior 4.1. Rieâ€?s nonverbal behavior4.2. Ryoâ€?s nonverbal behavior -- 4.3. Mieâ€?s nonverbal behavior -- 5. Comparison of nonverbal activity of the three non-native speakers -- 6. Conclusion -- 6. Pragmatic communication strategies -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Communication strategies -- 1.2. Pragmatic communication strategies -- 2. Questions -- 3. General results -- 3.1. Question one: Outcomes -- 3.2. Question two: Refusal orientation -- 3.3. Question three: Strategies -- 4. Japanese pragmatic communication strategies -- 4.1. Bluntness 4.2. Indications of linguistic or sociocultural inadequacy4.3. Use of the L1 -- 4.4. Sequential shifts in goal, semantic formula, or content -- 4.5. Nonverbal expressions of affect -- 5. Conclusion -- 7. Searching for common ground -- 1. Conversational expectations -- 2. Refusal structure -- 3. Getting the interaction back “on trackâ€? -- 3.1. Requests for reasons -- 3.2. Unacceptable moves -- 3.3. Establishing propositions “in playâ€? -- 4. Conclusion -- 8. Language use and language learning -- 1. Introduction Bibliography Includes bibliographical references (pages 227-245) and indexes Subject English language -- Study and teaching -- Japanese speakers. English language -- Grammar, Comparative -- Japanese Japanese language -- Grammar, Comparative -- English Interlanguage (Language learning) Intercultural communication. Speech acts (Linguistics) LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES -- General. English language -- Grammar, Comparative -- Japanese English language -- Study and teaching -- Japanese speakers Intercultural communication Interlanguage (Language learning) Japanese language -- Grammar, Comparative -- English Speech acts (Linguistics) Form Electronic book Author Houck, Nöel, 1942- LC no. 99024530 ISBN 9783110809879 3110809877 9783110163872 311016387X

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