The molecular model -- Binary elastic collisions -- Basic kinetic theory -- Equilibrium gas properties -- Inelastic collisions and surface interactions -- Chemical reactions and thermal radiation -- Collisionless flows -- Analytical methods for transition regime flows -- Numerical methods for transition regime flows -- General issues related to direct simulations -- DSMC procedures in a homogeneous gas -- One-dimensional steady flows -- One-dimensional unsteady flows -- Two-dimensional flows -- Axially symmetric flows -- Three-dimensional flows -- Appendix A. Representative gas properties -- Appendix B. Probability functions and related integrals -- Appendix C. Sampling from a prescribed distribution -- Appendix D. Listing of program FMF. FOR -- Appendix E. Numerical artefacts -- Appendix F. Summary of the DSMC demonstration programs -- Appendix G. Listing of program DSMCOS. FOR