| Description |
xxii, 502 pages ; 24 cm |
| Series |
Studies in international trade law ; v. 1 |
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Studies in international trade law ; v. 1
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| Contents |
Machine derived contents note: xi -- -- Introduction: Defining the Boundaries of the Research 1 -- -- 1. The EC and the WTO: Justification for a Comparison 2 -- 2. Barriers to International Trade 7 -- A. Tariff v Non-Tariff Measures 7 -- B. Border v Domestic Measures 8 -- C. Market Access v Market Regulation Barriers 13 -- D. Government v Private Barriers 15 -- 3. Approaches to Trade Liberalisation 16 -- A. Negative v Positive Integration 17 -- B. Judicial v Legislative (Positive) Integration 24 -- C. Shallow v Deep Integration 27 -- 4. Structure of the Research 30 -- -- PART I. SHALLOW INTEGRATION 35 -- -- 1. Negative Integration Stricto Sensu: The Elimination of -- Border Measures 37 -- -- 1.1 Reduction/Elimination of Customs Duties and Other -- Charges Having Equivalent Effect 40 -- A. Normative Content 41 -- 1. Articles 25-27 EC 41 -- 2. Article II GATT 42 -- B. Objective Element 47 -- 1. Article 25 EC 47 -- 2. Article II GATT 55 -- C. Exceptions 65 -- 1. No Justification Provision in EC Law 66 -- 2. Articles II, III, VI, VIII and XX GATT 67 -- D. Conclusions 69 -- 1.2 Elimination of Quantitative Restrictions and Other -- Import Restrictive Measures 72 -- A. Normative Content 72 -- B. Objective Element 74 -- -- -- -- -- 1. Article XI GATT 75 -- 2. Articles 28 and 29 EC 92 -- C. Exceptions 101 -- 1. Article 30 EC 106 -- 2. Article XX GATT 112 -- D. Conclusions 118 -- -- 2. Judicial Integration-First Layer: The National Treatment -- Principle and the Prohibition of De Jure Discrimination 121 -- -- 2.1 Prohibition of De Jure Discrimination and Fiscal -- Charges 127 -- A. Normative Content 127 -- 1. Article III:2 GATT 127 -- 2. Article 90 EC 135 -- B. Justification Options 137 -- 1. Article XX GATT 137 -- 2. Border Tax Adjustment in WTO Law 140 -- 3. Judge-Made Public Policy Exception in EC Law 141 -- C. Conclusions 145 -- 2.2 Prohibition of De Jure Discrimination and Non-Fiscal -- Regulation 147 -- A. Normative Content 147 -- 1. Article 111:4 GATT 147 -- 2. Article 28 EC and the Concept of "Distinctly -- Applicable Measures" 161 -- B. Justification Options 183 -- 1. Article 30 EC 183 -- 2. Article XX GATT 192 -- C. Conclusions 240 -- -- PART II. DEEP INTEGRATION 247 -- -- 3. Judicial Integration-Second Layer: The National Treatment -- Principle and the Prohibition of De Facto Discrimination 249 -- -- 3.1 Prohibition of De Facto Discrimination and -- Fiscal Charges 252 -- A. Normative Content 252 -- 1. Article 111:2 GATT 252 -- 2. Article 90 EC 277 -- B. Justification Options 297 -- 1. Judge-made public policy exception in EC law 298 -- -- -- -- 2. Article XX GATT and Alternative Ways to Justify -- De Facto Discriminatory Fiscal (and Non-Fiscal) -- Measures on Public Policy Grounds 305 -- 3.2 The Prohibition of De Facto Discrimination and -- Non-Fiscal Regulation 319 -- A. Normative Content 319 -- 1. Article 111:4 GATT 319 -- 2. Article 28 EC and the Keck Doctrine 341 -- B. Justification Options 363 -- 1. De Facto Discriminatory Selling Arrangements and -- "Mandatory Requirements" in EC Law 363 -- 2. Article XX GATT 368 -- 3.3 Conclusions 373 -- -- 4. Judicial Integration-Third Layer: The Reasonableness Rule 387 -- -- 4.1 Article 28 EC and the Dassonville-Cassis de Dijon -- Jurisprudence: "Rule of Reason", "Mandatory -- Requirements" and the "Proportionality Principle" 388 -- A. Dassonville and Cassis de Dijon: The Revolutionary -- Approach 389 -- B. The Dassonville-Cassis de Dijon "Rule of Reason" -- Doctrine: Uncovering the Court's "Formalist Sophistry" 392 -- C. Asymmetry Between "Normative Objectives" and -- "Legal Features" 400 -- D. Proportionality as the "Normative Standard": A Few -- Preliminary Remarks 402 -- E. What does "Proportionality" Actually Entail? 408 -- 1. Cassis de Dijon: "Suitability", "Necessity" and the -- Presumption of "Unreasonableness" 408 -- 2. French Woodworking Machine and "Functional -- Parallelism" 410 -- 3. Danish Bottles and "Proportionality Stricto Sensu" 413 -- 4. "Necessity" or "Proportionality Stricto Sensu"? -- The Issue of the "Level of Protection" 417 -- 5. Article 30, Second Sentence, EC: Substantive and -- Procedural Review 426 -- 6. A Few Concluding Remarks 432 -- 4.2 Reasonableness Rule in WTO Law: The SPS and TBT -- Agreements 434 -- A. Objective Element 436 -- B. The Proportionality Requirements under -- TBT and SPS as Independent from the GATT 441 -- C. Normative Content 445 -- -- -- -- -- -- 1. The "Suitability" Requirement or the Need to -- Establish a "Rational Relationship" Between the -- Measure and the Legitimate Public Policy Objective 445 -- 2. The "Necessity" Requirement or the Need to -- Establish that the Measure is the "Least-Trade -- Restrictive" Alternative to Achieve the Legitimate -- Public Policy Objective 457 -- 3. A "Proportionality Stricto Sensu" -- Requirement Under WTO Law? 464 -- 4.3 Conclusions 469 -- -- 5. Conclusion 474 -- -- Bibliography 485 -- Index 497 |
| Summary |
The interpretation and application of the rules of international and regional trade is becoming an increasingly specialised field. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the core legal concepts characterising the two most prominent and successful efforts in the regulation of international trade |
| Analysis |
International law |
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International trade |
| Notes |
Based on the author's thesis (Doctor of laws)--European University Institute, Florence |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references (pages [485]-495) and index |
| Subject |
World Trade Organization.
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Protectionism.
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Protectionism -- European Union countries.
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International trade agencies.
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Tariff -- Law and legislation.
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Tariff -- Law and legislation -- European Union countries.
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International economic integration.
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Foreign trade regulation.
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Foreign trade regulation -- European Union countries.
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| LC no. |
2004266736 |
| ISBN |
1841134252 |
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