| Description |
1 online resource (24 pages) : color portraits, color photographs |
| Contents |
Acknowledgements. -- Executive Summary. -- Introduction . -- Literature Review. -- The 1990s: Civil war, consolidation of Taliban rule, and the isolation of Afghanistan as primers for a globalized illicit economy. -- 2001-2008: Fall of the Taliban to the global financial crisis, poppy fuels the insurgency. -- 2009-2017: The financial crisis to the crest of President Ghani's first term, spotlight on illicit finances as a driver of conflict. -- 2018-2020: Emergence of a stalemate to the Taliban-US Peace Deal, diversified understanding of the causes and nature of illicit networks. -- Existing Policies by the Ghani Administration to Counter Illicit Networks (2014-Present). -- Mapping the Illicit Networks of Afghanistan. -- A localized perspective of illicit networks. -- Illicit networks at the national level. -- An internationalized lens of illicit networks and their entanglements outside of Afghanistan. -- Policy. -- Recommendations. -- Afghanistan. -- The United States. -- Regional stakeholders. -- Implementation. -- Challenges. -- Conclusion. Bibliography About the Authors |
| Summary |
This report explores illicit networks in Afghanistan in the context of peacebuilding, democratic consolidation, and enhancing state capacity. Illicit networks can be broadly understood at three main levels: hyper-local, national, and international. At a hyper-local level, illicit networks represent a series of interpersonal relationships that facilitate the exchange of goods and compensation (taking many forms) beyond the reach of central law enforcement or political authority. Nationally, illicit networks comprise regional and countrywide patronage, criminal, and insurgent networks that organize and profiteer from the hyper-local relationships on a macro level. Internationally, actors with reach outside of the country move illicitly gained goods such as poppy, talc, methamphetamine, minerals, and others, as well as people via human trafficking, into trading hubs in Iran, Pakistan, and the Gulf for export into international markets. They then use poorly regulated financial institutions throughout the world (notably, Western and Gulf banking systems) to store funds, some of which make their way back to Afghanistan (though this phenomenon is particularly difficult to track). This report outlines several specific policy recommendations that will be necessary to combat the illicit networks in a manner that supports the durability of the ongoing peace process in Afghanistan and the continued consolidation of its fragile democratic institutions |
| Notes |
"July 2020." |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references |
| Notes |
Online resource; title from PDF title page (Atlantic Council, viewed July 21, 2020) |
| Subject |
Smuggling -- Afghanistan -- Prevention
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Money laundering -- Afghanistan -- Prevention
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Human trafficking -- Afghanistan -- Prevention
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Drug control -- Afghanistan
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Transnational crime -- Afghanistan -- Prevention
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Drug control
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Money laundering -- Prevention
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Smuggling -- Prevention
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Afghanistan
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| Form |
Electronic book
|
| Author |
Salman, Fatima, author
|
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Atlantic Council of the United States, publisher.
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| ISBN |
9781619771109 |
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1619771101 |
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