| Description |
336 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 28 cm |
| Contents |
Part 1. An overview : "The spoils of war" / Jeanette Greenfield -- World War II and the displacement of art and cultural property / Lynn H. Nicholas -- Part 2. Losses during and as a consequence of World War II : Introduction / Lynn H. Nicholas ; Poland: the war losses, cultural heritage, and cultural legitimacy / Jan P. Pruszyński ; A short history of art loss and art recovery in the Netherlands / Josefine Leistra ; The spoils of war removed from Belgium during World War II / Jacques Lust ; Spoliation and recovery of cultural property in France, 1940-94 / Marie Hamon ; Russian cultural losses during World War II / Mikhail Shvidkoi ; Ukraine: the lost cultural treasures and the problem of their return / Alexander Fedoruk ; The tragic fate of Belarusan museum and library collections during the Second World War / Adam Maldis ; The documentation of war losses in the former Soviet Republics / Marlene P. Hiller ; Jewish ceremonial art and private property / Vivian B. Mann ; Austria / Gerhard Sailer ; The restitution of works of art in Hungary / István Fodor ; The loss of German artistic property as a result of World War II / Werner Schmidt -- Laws, directives, and conventions : Laws in force at the dawn of World War II: international conventions and national laws / Lawrence M. Kaye ; German laws and directives bearing on the appropriation of cultural property in the Third Reich / Jonathan Petropoulos ; The end of the war and the occupation of Germany, 1944-52: laws and conventions enacted to counter German appropriations: the Allied Control Council / Michael J. Kurtz ; The transfer of the contents of German repositories into the custody of the USSR / Nikolai Nikandrov -- Part 4. Repatriations following World War II : The immediate postwar period, 1945-51 : Introduction / Edith A. Standen ; Investigation of the major Nazi art-confiscation agencies / James S. Plaut ; The establishment of the Munich collecting point / Craig Hugh Smyth ; Custody and controversy at the Wiesbaden collection point / Walter I. Farmer ; Investigating art looting for the MFA & A / Bernard Taper ; Transfer of custody to the Germans / S. Lane Faison, Jr. -- The Cold War period : The role of the state department regarding national and private claims for the restitution of stolen cultural property / Ely Maurer ; Instances of repatriation by the USSR -- Case study: the Quedlinburg Church treasures : Introduction / Constance Lowenthal ; Search for the treasures / Willi Korte ; Journalist on the chase / William H. Honan ; Legal issues relating to the recovery of the Quedlinburg treasures / Thomas R. Kline |
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Part 5. Reappearance and recovery : Recent confirmations of Russian holdings : Introduction / Constance Lowenthal ; The discovery of the secret repositories / Konstantin Akinsha and Grigorii Kozlov ; Displaced art in private hands / Alexei Rastorgouev ; The history of the Soviet repositories and their contents / Valery Koulichov ; Legal issues bearing on the restitution of German cultural property in Russia / Wilfried Fiedler ; The German-Russian negotiations over the contents of the Russian repositories / Armin Hiller ; Legal aspects of the Russian position in regard to the return of cultural property / Mark Boguslavsky -- Case study: "The treasures of Priam" : Schliemann's "Treasures" for the second city of Troy / Elizabeth Simpson ; The excavation of the Trojan treasures, and their history up to the death of Schliemann in 1890 / Donald Fyfe Easton ; The Trojan treasures in Berlin: the disappearance and search for the objects after World War II / Klaus Goldmann ; Claims to ownership of the Trojan treasures / Stephen K. Urice ; The value of the finds to the scientific community / Manfred Korfmann ; Some aspects of the preparation of the catalogue for the exhibition "The treasure of Troy: Heinrich Schliemann's excavations" at the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow / Vladimir Tolstikov -- Part 6. Current issues and cooperative efforts : Introduction / Milton Esterow ; Models of restitution (Germany, Russia, Ukraine) / Wolfgang Eichwede ; German book collections in Russian libraries / Ekaterina Genieva ; Principles for the resolution of disputes concerning cultural heritage displaced during the Second World War / Lyndel V. Prott -- Part 7. Contributions by guest participants in the conference : Losses of cultural property for the territory of the Czech Republic due to World War II / Pavel Jirásek ; The recovery of cultural property in Slovakia / Jana Bahurinská ; World War II cultural losses of Poland; a historical issue or still a "hot" political and legal topic? / Wojciech Kowalski ; Under duress: the sale of the Franz Koenigs collection / Christine F. Koenigs ; Return of cultural property: hostages of war or harbingers of peace?: Historical facts, political positions, and an assessment from the German point of view / Hagen Graf Lambsdorff ; Captured archives and restitution problems on the eastern front: beyond the Bard Graduate Center Symposium / Patricia Kennedy Grimsted |
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Appendices: Treaties, conventions, and other official documents: complete documents and selected sections relating to the protection and return of cultural property : 1. Instructions for the Government of Armies of the United States in the field ("Lieber code") -- 2. Project of an international declaration concerning the laws and customs of war "Declaration of the Conference of Brussels") -- 3. Convention respecting the laws and customs of war on land ("Hague Convention of 1907") -- 4. Treaty of peace with Germany ("Treaty of Versailles") -- 5. Treaty of peace between the Allied and Associated Powers and Austria ("Treaty of St. Germain") -- 6. Treaty of peace between the Allied Powers and Hungary ("Treaty of Trianon") -- 7. Treaty of peace between Poland, Russia, and the Ukraine ("Treaty of Riga") -- 8. Treaty on the protection of artistic and scientific institutions and historic monuments ("Roerich Pact") -- 9. Inter-Allied declaration against acts of dispossession committed in territories under enemy occupation or control ("Declaration of London") -- 10. UNESCO convention and protocol for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict ("Hague convention and protocol of 1954") -- 11. UNESCO convention on the means of prohibiting and preventing the illicit import, export and transfer of ownership of cultural property -- 12. A plea for the return of an irreplaceable cultural heritage to those who created it -- 13. Statutes of the Intergovernmental Committee for promoting the Return of Cultural Property to its Countries of Origin or in its Restitution in Case of Illicit Appropriation -- 14. Treaty between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on good-neighborliness, partnership and cooperation -- 15. Agreement between the government of the Federal Republic of Germany and the government of the Russian Federation on cultural cooperation -- 16. Protocol of the Joint meeting of the Russian and German groups of experts on "Priam's treasure" -- 17. The UNIDRconventiontino on stolen or illegally exported cultural objects |
| Summary |
At the three-day symposium, organized by The Bard Graduate Center for Studies in the Decorative Arts, New York, distinguished specialists - government representatives, curators, archaeologists, historians and journalists, former military officers, and experts in art law - took part in spirited, candid, and often moving discussions, which are fully documented only in this unprecedented book |
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Now, more than fifty years later, lost and stolen objects continue to appear on the art market and in private, museum, and state collections, including masterpieces of Impressionist painting, old master drawings from the Franz Koenigs collection, and gold treasures excavated by Schliemann at Troy. Questions of ownership remain unresolved and are battled out in court, legislated, or negotiated in treaties |
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Based on the acclaimed international symposium held in 1995, The Spoils of War explores the ongoing debate over the vast amounts of art and cultural property displaced as a result of World War II. Not only paintings, sculpture, and decorative arts but also archaeological artifacts, rare books and manuscripts, musical instruments and scores, religious objects, and memorabilia of every description were seized by the Nazis, taken by individuals, or removed to the USSR by the Soviet army at the end of the war |
| Notes |
Includes texts or excerpts of related treaties, conventions, and other official documents in the appendices |
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Papers of a symposium sponsored by the Bard Graduate Center for the Decorative Arts, Jan. 1995, in New York |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references (pages [315]-319) and index |
| Subject |
Art treasures in war -- Congresses.
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Art treasures in war -- 20th century.
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Art treasures in war -- Europe.
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Cultural property -- Protection (International law)
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Cultural property -- Protection (International law) -- Congresses.
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Cultural property -- Protection.
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World War, 1939-1945 -- Destruction and pillage -- Congresses.
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World War, 1939-1945 -- Destruction and pillage.
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| Genre/Form |
Conference papers and proceedings.
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| Author |
Simpson, Elizabeth, 1947-
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Bard Graduate Center for Studies in the Decorative Arts.
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| LC no. |
96033258 |
| ISBN |
0810944693 |
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