Description |
1 online resource |
Series |
Routledge studies in the modern history of Asia ; 106 |
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Routledge studies in the modern history of Asia ; 106.
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Contents |
Cover; Half Title; Title page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; List of figures; Preface; Acknowledgments; Introduction: Open Door versus spheres of interest; Notes; 1. The origins of the Open Door Policy in China; America's friendly relations with China; The division of China into foreign spheres of interest; U.S. and British talks aimed at protecting China; The origin of the Open Door concept; The process of writing the Open Door notes; Conclusions; Notes; 2. Secret diplomacy undermines the Open Door; Ten years of turmoil; Russo-Japanese secret diplomacy; The 1911 Xinhai Revolution |
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Outer Mongolia's autonomy and the Twenty-one DemandsThe 1916 Russo-Japanese secret convention; Conclusions; Notes; 3. The growth of nationalism in post-1911 China; The rush to learn from Japan; U.S.-trained Chinese leaders; The early Bolshevik influence on China; The intellectual divide in China; A new Soviet focus on Asia; Conclusions; Notes; 4. The debacle at Paris; China and the United States prepare for the Paris Peace Conference; The impact of China's secret diplomacy; The difference between direct and indirect restitution; China's failed attempts to play the ""Soviet"" card |
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Wilson's negotiations with the Japanese delegationThe impact of the Versailles decision in China; The Chinese delegates' decision not to sign; Conclusions; Notes; 5. The 1917 October Revolution's impact on the Open Door Policy; A new interest in Soviet Russia; Russian spheres of interest vs. the U.S. Open Door Policy; Soviet reliance on the Open Door in Siberia; The creation of the Far Eastern Republic; Sino-Soviet secret negotiations on Outer Mongolia; Conclusions; Notes; 6. The Washington Conference, 1921-1922; Soviet denunciations of the Open Door Policy |
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The Washington Conference and the Open Door PolicyU. S. visions for the future of China; The truth behind Soviet secret diplomacy; Failures of the Washington System; Soviet secret diplomacy and the Washington system; Conclusions; Notes; 7. Soviet attempts to open diplomatic relations with China and Japan; Opening Sino-Soviet talks; Bolshevik attempts to open Soviet-Japanese relations; The creation of the united front policy; Secret Sino-Soviet negotiations; The recreation of spheres of interest; Conclusions; Notes; 8. Soviet-Japanese secret diplomacy undermines the Open Door Policy |
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The secret protocol's crucial leverageOngoing negotiations between Japan and the USSR; Karakhan's negotiations with Zhang Zuolin; Soviet-Japanese talks to divide China; Confirming Soviet control over Outer Mongolia; Conclusions; Notes; 9. The Soviet-Japanese struggle to partition China; The impact of the Soviet-Japanese secret agreements; China gains tariff autonomy; China's obligations to reform; Sino-Soviet War over the Chinese Eastern Railway; Diplomatic resolution of the CER conflict; The 1931 Manchurian Incident; U.S. attempts to save the Open Door Policy |
Summary |
China's recent economic reforms have opened its economy to the world. This policy, however, is not new: in the late nineteenth century, the United States put forward the Open Door Policy as a counter to European exclusive 'spheres of influence' in China. This book, based on extensive original archival research, examines and re-evaluates China's Open Door Policy. It considers the policy from its inception in 1899 right through to the post-1978 reforms. It relates these changes to the various shifts in China's international relations, discusses how decades of foreign invasion, civil war and revo |
Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references and index |
Notes |
Online resource; title from PDF title page (Ebsco, viewed April 17, 2015) |
Subject |
Eastern question (Far East)
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HISTORY -- Asia -- China.
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Commerce
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Diplomatic relations
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Eastern question (Far East)
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International economic relations
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Politics and government
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SUBJECT |
China -- Foreign relations.
http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024025
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China -- Foreign economic relations
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China -- Commerce -- History
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China -- Politics and government -- 20th century. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85024167
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Subject |
China
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Genre/Form |
Electronic books
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History
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Form |
Electronic book
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ISBN |
9781317537786 |
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1317537785 |
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9781315726724 |
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1315726726 |
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9781317537762 |
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1317537769 |
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9781317537779 |
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1317537777 |
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0415563933 |
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9780415563932 |
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9781138933019 |
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1138933015 |
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