| Description |
1 online resource (xviii, 418 pages) : illustrations |
| Series |
Springer-Praxis books in environmental sciences |
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Springer-Praxis books in environmental sciences.
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| Contents |
Machine generated contents note: 1. Stormy Tour from the Sun to the Earth -- 1.1. Source of Space Storms: the Sun -- 1.1.1. Sun as a star -- 1.1.2. Solar spectrum -- 1.1.3. Solar atmosphere -- 1.1.4. Rotation of the Sun -- 1.1.5. Sunspots and solar magnetism -- 1.1.6. Coronal activity -- 1.2. Carrier to the Earth: the Solar Wind -- 1.2.1. Elements of solar wind expansion -- 1.2.2. interplanetary magnetic field -- 1.2.3. observed structure of the solar wind -- 1.2.4. Perturbed solar wind -- 1.3. Magnetosphere -- 1.3.1. Formation of the Earth's magnetosphere -- 1.3.2. outer magnetosphere -- 1.3.3. inner magnetosphere -- 1.3.4. Magnetospheric convection -- 1.3.5. Origins of magnetospheric plasma -- 1.3.6. Convection and electric fields -- 1.4. Upper Atmosphere and the Ionosphere -- 1.4.1. thermosphere and the exosphere -- 1.4.2. Structure of the ionosphere -- 1.4.3. Electric currents in the polar ionosphere -- 1.5. Space Storms Seen from the Ground -- 1.5.1. Measuring the strength of space storms -- 1.5.2. Geomagnetically induced currents -- 2. Physical Foundations -- 2.1. What is Plasma? -- 2.1.1. Debye shielding -- 2.1.2. Plasma oscillations -- 2.1.3. Gyro motion -- 2.1.4. Collisions -- 2.2. Basic Electrodynamics -- 2.2.1. Maxwell's equations -- 2.2.2. Lorentz force -- 2.2.3. Potentials -- 2.2.4. Energy conservation -- 2.2.5. Charged particles in electromagnetic fields -- 2.3. Tools of Statistical Physics -- 2.3.1. Plasma in thermal equilibrium -- 2.3.2. Derivation of Vlasov and Boltzmann equations -- 2.3.3. Macroscopic variables -- 2.3.4. Derivation of macroscopic equations -- 2.3.5. Equations of magnetohydrodynamics -- 2.3.6. Double adiabatic theory -- 3. Single Particle Motion -- 3.1. Magnetic Drifts -- 3.2. Adiabatic Invariants -- 3.2.1. first adiabatic invariant |
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Note continued: 9.2. Radiation of a Moving Charge -- 9.3. Bremsstrahlung -- 9.4. Cyclotron and Synchrotron Radiation -- 9.5. Scattering from Plasma Fluctuations -- 9.6. Thomson Scattering -- 10. Transport and Diffusion in Space Plasmas -- 10.1. Particle Flux and Phase Space Density -- 10.2. Coordinates for Particle Flux Description -- 10.3. Elements of Fokker-Planck Theory -- 10.4. Quasi-Linear Diffusion Through Wave-Particle Interaction -- 10.5. Kinetic Equation with Fokker-Planck Terms -- 11. Shocks and Shock Acceleration -- 11.1. Basic Shock Formation -- 11.1.1. Steepening of continuous structures -- 11.1.2. Hydrodynamic shocks -- 11.2. Shocks in MHD -- 11.2.1. Perpendicular shocks -- 11.2.2. Oblique shocks -- 11.2.3. Rotational and tangential discontinuities -- 11.2.4. Thickness of the shock front -- 11.2.5. Collisionless shock wave structure -- 11.3. Particle Acceleration in Shock Waves -- 11.3.1. Shock drift acceleration -- 11.3.2. Diffusive shock acceleration -- 11.3.3. Shock surfing acceleration -- 12. Storms on the Sun -- 12.1. Prominences and Coronal Loops -- 12.2. Radio Storms on the Sun -- 12.2.1. Classification of radio emissions -- 12.2.2. Physical mechanisms for solar radio emissions -- 12.3. Solar Flares -- 12.3.1. Observational characteristics of solar flares -- 12.3.2. Physics of solar flares -- 12.4. Coronal Mass Ejections -- 12.4.1. CMEs near the Sun -- 12.4.2. Propagation time to 1 AU -- 12.4.3. Magnetic structure of ICMEs -- 12.5. CMEs, Flares and Particle Acceleration -- 13. Magnetospheric Storms and Substorms -- 13.1. What are Magnetic Storms and Substorms? -- 13.1.1. Storm basics -- 13.1.2. concept of substorm -- 13.1.3. Observational signatures of substorms -- 13.2. Physics of Substorm Onset -- ̂ 13.2.1. outside-in view -- 13.2.2. inside-out view |
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Note continued: 13.2.3. External triggering of substorm expansion -- 13.2.4. Timing of substorm onset -- 13.3. Storm-Time Activity -- 13.3.1. Steady magnetospheric convection -- 13.3.2. Substorm-like activations and sawtooth Events -- 13.4. ICME-Storm Relationships -- 13.4.1. Geoeffectivity of an ICME -- 13.4.2. Different response to different drivers -- 13.5. Storms Driven by Fast Solar Wind -- 13.5.1. 27-day recurrence of magnetospheric activity -- 13.5.2. Differences from ICME-driven storms -- 13.6. Energy Budgets of Storms and Substorms -- 13.6.1. Energy supply -- 13.6.2. Ring current energy -- 13.6.3. Ionospheric dissipation -- 13.6.4. Energy consumption farther in the magnetosphere -- 13.6.5. Energy transfer across the magnetopause -- 13.7. Superstorms and Polar Cap Potential Saturation -- 13.7.1. Quantification of the saturation -- 13.7.2. Hill-Siscoe formulation -- ̂ 13.7.3. Alfven wing approach -- 13.7.4. Magnetosheath force balance -- 14. Storms in the Inner Magnetosphere -- 14.1. Dynamics of the Ring Current -- 14.1.1. Asymmetric structure of the ring current -- 14.1.2. Sources of the enhanced ring current -- 14.1.3. Role of substorms in storm evolution -- 14.1.4. Loss of ring current through charge exchange collisions -- 14.1.5. Pitch angle scattering by wave-particle interactions -- 14.1.6. ENA imaging of the ring current -- 14.2. Storm-Time Radiation Belts -- 14.2.1. Sources of radiation belt ions -- 14.2.2. Losses of radiation belt ions -- 14.2.3. Transport and acceleration of electrons -- 14.2.4. Electron losses -- 15. Space Storms in the Atmosphere and on the Ground -- 15.1. Coupling to the Neutral Atmosphere -- 15.1.1. Heating of the thermosphere -- 15.1.2. Solar proton events and the middle atmosphere -- 15.2. Coupling to the Surface of the Earth |
| Summary |
This unique, authoritative book introduces and accurately depicts the current state-of-the-art in the field of space storms. Professor Koskinen, a renowned expert in the field, takes the basic understanding of the system, together with the physics of space plasmas, and produces a treatment of space storms. He combines a solid base describing space physics phenomena with a rigorous theoretical basis. The topics range from the storms in the solar atmosphere through the solar wind, magnetosphere, and ionosphere to the production of the storm-related geoelectric field on the ground. The most up-to-date information available is presented in a clear, analytical and quantitative way. The book is divided into three parts. Part 1 is a phenomenological introduction to space weather from the Sun to the Earth. Part 2 comprehensively presents the fundamental concepts of space plasma physics. It consists of discussions of fundamental concepts of space plasma physics, starting from underlying electrodynamics and statistical physics of charged particles and continuing to single particle motion inhomogeneous electromagnetic fields, waves in cold plasma approximation, Vlasov theory, magnetohydrodynamics, instabilities in space plasmas, reconnection and dynamo. Part3 bridges the gap between the fundamental plasma physics and research level physics of space storms. This part discusses radiation and scattering processes, transport and diffusion, shocks and shock acceleration, storms on the Sun, in the magnetosphere, the coupling to the atmosphere and ground. The book is concluded with a brief review of what is known of space storms on other planets. One tool of building this bridge is extensive cross-referencing between the various chapters. Exercise problems of varying difficulty are embedded within the main body of text |
| Analysis |
meteorologie |
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meteorology |
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klimatologie |
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climatology |
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fysica |
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physics |
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aardwetenschappen |
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earth sciences |
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astronomie |
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astronomy |
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Geology (General) |
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Geologie (algemeen) |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references (pages 399-410) and index |
| Subject |
Space environment.
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TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING -- Aeronautics & Astronautics.
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Environnement.
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Climat.
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Space environment
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| SUBJECT |
Sun -- Environmental aspects
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| Subject |
Sun
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| ISBN |
9783642003196 |
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3642003192 |
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