| Description |
1 online resource (369 pages) |
| Series |
Artech house GNSS technology and applications series |
|
GNSS technology and applications series.
|
| Contents |
Machine-generated contents note: 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Some Basic Terminology -- 1.2.1. Location or Position -- 1.2.2. Positioning -- 1.2.3. Target Mobile Station -- 1.2.4. Reference or Anchor Station -- 1.2.5. Radio Determination -- 1.2.6. Line-of-Position -- 1.2.7. Accuracy -- 1.2.8. Precision -- 1.3. A Brief History of RF Positioning -- 1.3.1. Telefunken Kompass Sender -- 1.3.2. Orfordness Rotating Beacon -- 1.3.3. Sonne -- 1.3.4. Gee -- 1.3.5. Oboe -- 1.3.6. Gee-H -- 1.3.7. Loran-A -- 1.3.8. VOR/DME -- 1.3.9. Loran-C -- 1.3.10. GNSS -- 1.3.11. Positioning in Cellular, Wi-Fi, and Sensor Networks -- 1.3.12. eLoran -- 1.4. RF Positioning Taxonomy -- 1.4.1. Classification According to the Position Calculation Technique -- 1.4.2. Classification According to the MS Participation in the Position Calculation -- 1.4.3. Classification According to Minimum Number of Reference Stations Required for Position Calculation -- 1.5. RF Positioning Technical Recommendations and Regulatory Demands -- 1.5.1. Locating Ships and Aircraft in Distress Conditions -- 1.5.2. Emergency Call Locating in Cellular Networks -- 1.6. Summary -- References -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Multilateration -- 2.2.1. Circular Multilateration -- 2.2.2. Hyperbolic Multilateration -- 2.3. Multiangulation -- 2.4. Summary -- References -- 3.1. Basic Principles -- 3.2. TOA Estimation -- 3.2.1. TOA Estimation Using Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum -- 3.2.2. TOA Estimation Using Matched Filters -- 3.2.3. Tracking TOA -- 3.3. TDOA Estimation -- 3.4. RSS Estimation -- 3.4.1. AGC -- 3.4.2. RSS Estimation Using Matched Filters -- 3.5. AOA Estimation -- 3.5.1. Basic Principles -- 3.5.2. Uniform Linear Array -- 3.6. Some Limits on the Attainable Estimates -- 3.6.1. CRLB on Distance Estimates by Means of TOA -- 3.6.2. CRLB on Distance Estimates by Means of RSS -- 3.6.3. CRLB on Angle Estimates by Means of AOA -- 3.7. Summary -- References -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Radio-Frequency Fingerprints -- 4.3. Correlation Database -- 4.3.1. CDB Structure -- 4.3.2. CDBs Built from Field Measurements -- 4.3.3. CDBs Built from Propagation Modelling -- 4.3.4. Mixing Predicted and Measured Values -- 4.3.5. CDB Tuning -- 4.4. Pattern-Matching of RF Fingerprints -- 4.4.1. Distance in N-Dimensional RSS Space -- 4.4.2. Rank Correlation Coefficient -- 4.5. Search Space Reduction -- 4.5.1. CDB Filtering -- 4.6. Location Estimates Averages -- 4.6.1. KNNs -- 4.6.2. Moving Average Filter -- 4.7. Experimental Evaluations -- 4.7.1. Outdoor Test in a GSM Cellular Network -- 4.7.2. Indoor Test in Wi-Fi Networks -- 4.8. Summary -- References -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.1.1. Brief Review of Cellular Technologies Evolution, from 2G to 4G -- 5.1.2. 3GPP Technical Specifications Organization -- 5.2. Cellular Network Intrinsic Positioning Capabilities -- 5.3. GSM/GPRS/EDGE LCS Architecture -- 5.3.1. Network Elements -- 5.3.2. Standard LCS Methods -- 5.3.3. Radio Resource LCS Protocol -- 5.4. UMTS LCS Architecture -- 5.4.1. Network Elements -- 5.4.2. Standard LCS Methods -- 5.4.3. Radio Resource Control Protocol -- 5.5. LTE LCS Architecture -- 5.5.1. Network Elements -- 5.5.2. Supported Positioning Methods -- 5.5.3. LPP -- 5.6. Summary -- References -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. IEEE 802.11 Networks -- 6.2.1. Architecture of IEEE 802.11 Networks -- 6.2.2. Physical Layer -- 6.2.3. Link Layer -- 6.3. Positioning in Wi-Fi WLANs -- 6.3.1. Wi-Fi Outdoor Positioning -- 6.3.2. Wi-Fi Indoor Positioning -- 6.4. ZigBee Networks -- 6.4.1. Overview of WSNs -- 6.4.2. ZigBee Protocol Stack -- 6.4.3. ZigBee Network Devices -- 6.4.4. ZigBee Network Topologies -- 6.5. Positioning in ZigBee WSNs -- 6.5.1. Maximum Likelihood Estimation Cooperative Positioning -- 6.5.2. Residual Weighting -- 6.5.3. Connectivity-Based Localization -- 6.6. Summary -- References -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. NSSs -- 7.2.1. Brief GNSS History -- 7.2.2. RNSSs -- 7.2.3. Search and Rescue -- 7.2.4. Collaborative Services -- 7.3. GNSS Basics -- 7.3.1. General Model -- 7.3.2. Position Fix -- 7.3.3. Reference Frame -- 7.3.4. Error Sources -- 7.3.5. GNSS Receivers -- 7.3.6. Control Segment: Some Observations -- 7.4. GNSS Variations -- 7.4.1. GPS -- 7.4.2. GLONASS -- 7.4.3. BeiDou/Compass -- 7.4.4. GALILEO -- 7.5. Search and Rescue Satellite System: COSPAS-SARSAT -- 7.5.1. LEOSAR -- 7.5.2. GEOSAR -- 7.5.3. MEOSAR -- 7.6. Summary -- References -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Bluetooth Networks -- 8.2.1. Bluetooth Power Classes -- 8.2.2. Bluetooth Protocol Architecture -- 8.2.3. Bluetooth Evolutionary Path -- 8.3. Positioning in Bluetooth Networks -- 8.3.1. RSS-Based Multilateration Solutions -- 8.3.2. Fingerprinting-Based Solutions -- 8.4. UWB Networks -- 8.4.1. Definition of UWB Technology -- 8.4.2. Overview of FCC UWB Regulations -- 8.4.3. IEEE Task and Study Groups Related to UWB -- 8.4.4. UWB versus Bluetooth -- 8.5. Positioning in UWB Networks -- 8.5.1. Geometric-Positioning -- 8.5.2. RF Fingerprinting -- 8.6. Summary -- References -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Machine Learning -- 9.2.1. Supervised Learning: Backpropagation ANNs -- 9.2.2. Unsupervised Learning: Kohonen Layers -- 9.2.3. Evolutionary Learning: GA -- 9.3. Fuzzy Logic -- 9.4. Datasets Used in the Experimental Evaluations -- 9.4.1. Outdoor Tests in GSM Cellular Networks -- 9.4.2. Indoor Test in Wi-Fi Networks -- 9.5. Optimized Search with GA -- 9.5.1. Overview -- 9.5.2. Experimental Evaluation in a Cellular Network -- 9.6. Direct MS Positioning Using Backpropagation ANNs -- 9.6.1. Overview -- 9.6.2. Experimental Evaluation in a Cellular Network -- 9.7. Predicting Location Accuracy with Backpropagation ANNs -- 9.7.1. Overview -- 9.7.2. Experimental Evaluation in a Cellular Network -- 9.8. Multifloor Indoor Positioning with Kohonen Layer and Committees of ANNs -- 9.8.1. Overview -- 9.8.2. Unsupervised Clustering Using Kohonen Layer with Conscience -- 9.8.3. Floor Classification Using Committees of Backpropagation ANNs -- 9.8.4. Experimental Evaluation in Wi-Fi Networks -- 9.9. Direct MS Positioning Using an FIS -- 9.9.1. Overview -- 9.9.2. Experimental Evaluation in Cellular Networks -- 9.10. Summary -- References -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Developing Apps for Android Devices with MIT App Inventor 2 -- 10.2.1. Projects Window -- 10.2.2. Designer Window -- 10.2.3. Blocks Window -- 10.2.4. Testing an App Using MIT App Inventor 2 Companion -- 10.2.5. Sample App: Geofencing 1.0 -- 10.2.6. Geofencing 1.0 Components -- 10.2.7. Geofencing 1.0 Event Handlers -- 10.3. Going a Little Deeper with Android SDK -- 10.3.1. Android SDK Packages -- 10.3.2. Supported Operating Systems -- 10.3.3. Eclipse IDE -- 10.3.4. ADT Plug-In for Eclipse -- 10.3.5. ADT Bundle -- 10.3.6. Setting Up Virtual Devices with the AVD Manager -- 10.3.7. Fast Virtual Mode with Intel Hardware-Accelerated Executive Manager -- 10.3.8. Creating an Android Application Project in Eclipse -- 10.3.9. Creating a Run Configuration in Eclipse -- 10.3.10. Sample Localization Apps: WiFiTrain and WiFiLoc -- 10.4. Summary -- References |
| Summary |
This new resource presents a comprehensive view of radio-frequency (RF) positioning. The book is organized to allow readers to progress at a fast pace, from the fundamentals of RF positioning, to the use of advanced tools such as artificial intelligence algorithms and application development environments. The first part of the book covers the fundamentals of RF localization. The second part addresses the application of those fundamentals in several types of wireless networks and technologies as Cellular Networks, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Sensor Networks, Ultra Wide Band, and Global Navigation Satellite Systems. The third part brings several tools to allow rapid development of positioning applications for mobile devices, as well as to support implementation, usage, deployment, and research of localization algorithms. This book presents numerous MATLAB examples, accompanied by the corresponding MATLAB code, made available at the book website. The MATLAB code to most figures is also provided, as well as databases of measurements collected during experiments conducted both in cellular and Wi-Fi networks. The book also is accompanied by Android source codes of the example apps developed in Chapter 10 |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Notes |
Print version record |
| Subject |
Wireless localization.
|
|
Global Positioning System.
|
|
Geographic Information Systems
|
|
Global Positioning System.
|
|
Global Positioning System
|
|
Wireless localization
|
| Form |
Electronic book
|
| Author |
Lovisolo, Lisandro.
|
| ISBN |
9781608078172 |
|
1608078175 |
|
