Limit search to available items
Book Cover
E-book
Author Bakeman, Roger

Title Sequential analysis and observational methods for the behavioral sciences / Roger Bakeman, Vicenç Quera
Published New York : Cambridge University Press, 2011

Copies

Description 1 online resource (xv, 183 pages) : illustrations
Contents Machine generated contents note: 1. Introduction to Observational Methods -- Systematic Quantitative Measurement versus Qualitative Narrative -- Correlational versus Experimental Designs -- Predictor versus Outcome Variables -- Variables, Units, and Sessions -- Why Use Observational Methods? -- Sequential Analysis of Behavior -- Summary -- 2. Coding Schemes and Observational Measurement -- Where Do Coding Schemes Come From? -- Must Codes be Mutually Exclusive and Exhaustive? -- Granularity: Micro to Macro -- Concreteness: Physically to Socially Based Codes -- Codes versus Rating Scales -- Coding Manual -- Summary -- 3. Recording Observational Data -- Untimed-Event Recording -- Timed-Event Recording -- Interval Recording -- Partial-Interval or One-Zero Sampling -- Momentary or Instantaneous Sampling -- Whole-Interval Sampling -- Selected-Interval Recording -- Live Observation versus Recorded Behavior -- Digital Recording and Computer-Assisted Coding -- Summary -- 4. Representing Observational Data -- Sequential Data Interchange Standard (SDIS) -- Representing Time -- Single-Code Event Sequences -- Timed-Event and State Sequences -- Interval and Multicode Event Sequences -- Universal Code-Unit Grid -- Alternatives: Spreadsheet and Statistical Package Grids -- Data Management and File Formats -- Summary -- 5. Observer Agreement and Cohen's Kappa -- Point-By-Point versus Summary Agreement -- Classic Cohen's Kappa -- When is Kappa Big Enough? -- Is Statistical Significance Useful? -- Observer Bias and Kappa Maximum -- Observer Accuracy, Number of Codes, and Their Prevalence -- Standards for Kappa (Number of Codes Matters) -- Comparing an Observer with a Gold Standard -- Agreement and Reliability -- Errors of Commission and Omission -- Summary -- 6. Kappas for Point-By-Point Agreement -- Event-Based Agreement: The Alignment Problem -- Time-Based Agreement: Inflated Counts? -- Event-Based Agreement for Timed-Event Sequences -- Interval-Based Agreement Using Cohen's Kappa -- Weighted Kappa: When Disagreements Differ in Severity -- Are All Kappas Overrated? -- Summary -- 7. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for Summary Measures -- Relative versus Absolute Agreement -- Targets and Sessions -- Relative and Absolute ICCs -- Summary -- 8. Summary Statistics for Individual Codes -- Basic Statistics for Individual Codes -- Frequency -- Relative Frequency -- Rate -- Duration -- Relative Duration -- Probability -- Mean Event Durations, Gaps, and Latencies -- Mean Event Duration -- Mean Gap -- Latency -- Recommended Statistics for Individual Codes -- Summary -- 9. Cell and Summary Statistics for Contingency Tables -- Individual Cell Statistics -- Observed Joint Frequencies and Hierarchical Tallying -- Lagged Tallies for Single-Coded Events When Codes Can and Cannot Repeat -- Conditional and Transitional Probabilities -- Expected Frequencies and Adjusted Residuals -- Indices of Association for Two-Dimensional Tables -- Contingency Indices for 2x2 Tables -- Odds Ratio and Log Odds -- Yule's Q -- Vulnerability to Zero Cells -- Summary -- 10. Preparing for Sequential and Other Analyses -- Creating New Codes from Existing Codes -- Logical Combinations for Timed-Event, Interval, and Multicode Event Data -- RECODE for All Data Types -- EVENT and BOUT for Timed-Event Data -- RECODE, LUMP, and CHAIN for Single-Code Event Data -- REMOVE and RENAME for All Data Types -- Creating New Codes as "Windows" Anchored to Existing Codes -- Pooled versus Individual Analyses -- Preparing Export Files and Using Statistical Packages -- Deviant Cells, Type I Error, and Winnowing -- Summary -- 11. Time-Window and Log-Linear Sequential analysis -- Time-Window Sequential Analysis of Timed-Event Data -- Sign Test: A Nonparametric Alternative -- Lag-Sequential and Log-Linear Analysis of Single-Code Event Data -- Overlapped and Nonoverlapped Tallying of m-Event Chains -- Illustration of Log-Linear Basics -- Log-Linear Analysis of Interval and Multicode Event Data -- Summary -- 12. Recurrence Analysis and Permutation Tests -- Recurrence Analysis -- Permutation Tests for Short Event Sequences -- Summary
Summary Behavioral scientists - including those in psychology, infant and child development, education, animal behavior, marketing and usability studies - use many methods to measure behavior. Systematic observation is used to study relatively natural, spontaneous behavior as it unfolds sequentially in time. This book emphasizes digital means to record and code such behavior; while observational methods do not require them, they work better with them. Key topics include devising coding schemes, training observers and assessing reliability, as well as recording, representing and analyzing observational data. In clear and straightforward language, this book provides a thorough grounding in observational methods along with considerable practical advice. It describes standard conventions for sequential data and details how to perform sequential analysis with a computer program developed by the authors. The book is rich with examples of coding schemes and different approaches to sequential analysis, including both statistical and graphical means
Bibliography Includes bibliographical references and index
Notes Print version record
Subject Psychology -- Research.
Social sciences -- Research.
Sequential analysis.
Observation (Psychology) -- Methodology
PSYCHOLOGY -- Research & Methodology.
Observation (Psychology) -- Methodology
Psychology -- Research
Sequential analysis
Social sciences -- Research
Form Electronic book
Author Quera, Vicenç
ISBN 9781139190695
1139190695
9781139185783
1139185780
9781139017343
1139017349