Table of Contents |
1. | Introduction | 1 |
1.1. | Notes on Previous Literature | 5 |
2. | Medical and Cultural Background | 9 |
2.1. | The Medical Notion of Mental Disorders | 10 |
2.1.1. | The Hippocratic On the Sacred Disease | 10 |
2.1.2. | The Concept of Mania | 13 |
2.1.3. | Melancholy | 19 |
2.1.4. | Further Remarks on the Ancient Medical Discussion on Mental Illness | 23 |
2.2. | The Popular Conception of Mental Illness and the Greek Vocabulary of Madness | 26 |
3. | Plato on Madness and Mental Disorders | 35 |
3.1. | Preliminary Observations | 35 |
3.2. | The Phaedrus and Inspired Madness | 37 |
3.3. | Further Remarks on Poetic and Prophetic Madness | 40 |
3.4. | Diseases of the Soul in the Timaeus | 43 |
3.4.1. | Diseases of the Soul and the Aetiology of Evil | 44 |
3.4.2. | Therapy of the Soul | 48 |
3.4.3. | The Soul and the Anthropology of the Timaeus | 49 |
3.5. | The Republic and the Laws---Defective Souls in Society | 51 |
3.5.1. | The Republic and the Aristocracy of Reason | 52 |
3.5.2. | Corrupted Types of City, Corrupted Types of Man | 54 |
3.5.3. | The Laws---Legislation as the Educator of Citizens | 58 |
3.6. | Conclusions | 66 |
4. | The Aristotelian Concept of Mental Disorders | 69 |
4.1. | The Nature of Mental Illness | 69 |
4.2. | Symptoms of Mental Illness | 77 |
4.3. | Deficiency of Reason and Ethical Concerns | 85 |
4.4. | Manic and Melancholic Temperaments | 92 |
4.4.1. | The Melancholic Temperament According to Problems XXX, 1 | 98 |
4.5. | Conclusions | 101 |
5. | The Stoics on the Kinds of Madness | 103 |
5.1. | Distinguishing the Kinds of Madness | 103 |
5.2. | The Madness of all Mankind | 107 |
5.3. | Medical Madness and its Effects | 112 |
5.3.1. | Passibility of the Body, Passibility of the Soul | 115 |
5.4. | Pathology of the Soul---Passions, Diseases, Susceptibilities | 124 |
5.5. | Nature and Stoic Anthropology | 133 |
5.6. | Conclusions | 136 |
6. | Galen on the Diseases of the Mind and Soul | 139 |
6.1. | Mental Illness in Galen's Medical Philosophy | 140 |
6.2. | Mental Disorders and their Treatment in Galen | 145 |
6.2.1. | Melancholic Mental Illness | 145 |
6.2.2. | Galen on Phrenitis | 156 |
6.2.3. | The Concept of Mania | 159 |
6.2.4. | Other Medical Conditions Affecting the Mind and the Rational Functions | 159 |
6.3. | Two Clinical Cases Resembling Mental Illness | 161 |
6.4. | Galen on the Passions of the Soul | 163 |
6.5. | Passions, Errors and Medical Symptoms | 168 |
6.6. | Conclusions | 176 |
7. | Other Philosophical Traditions | 179 |
7.1. | The Sceptics and Medical Empiricism | 179 |
7.2. | Epicurus and the Epicureans | 187 |
7.2.1. | Epicurean Psychopathology | 188 |
7.2.2. | The Soul and Mental Illness in Lucretius | 191 |
7.2.3. | Physics, Ethics and Diseases of the Soul | 198 |
7.3. | Middle Platonic Writers | 200 |
7.3.1. | "Timaeus of Locri" on Plato's Timaeus | 201 |
7.3.2. | Philo, Plutarch, Alcinous | 202 |
7.4. | Neoplatonic Writers | 207 |
7.4.1. | Plotinus | 207 |
7.4.2. | Iamblichus and Hermias | 209 |
7.4.3. | Proclus | 211 |
7.5. | Commentators on Aristotle | 212 |
7.6. | Conclusions | 215 |
8. | Appendix A: Aristotle and Caelius Aurelianus on Homosexuality | 217 |
9. | Appendix B: Philosophers as Mental Patients in Ancient Tradition | 223 |
9.1. | Democritus' Madness | 225 |
9.2. | Lucretius' Mental Illness | 227 |
9.3. | Porphyry's Case of Melancholy | 228 |
| Bibliography | 233 |
| Editions of Primary Sources Referred to by the Editor's Name | 233 |
| Secondary Sources | 234 |
| Author Index | 243 |
| Index Locorum | 249 |
| Subject Index | 263 |