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E-book
Author Hashimoto, Koji

Title D-brane : superstrings and new perspective of our world / Koji Hashimoto ; [translated by Haruko Hashimoto and Koji Hashimoto]
Published Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2012

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Description 1 online resource (xiiii, 165 pages) : illustrations
Contents 1. From elementary particles to D-Branes and strings -- 1.1 String theory and problems in elementary particle physics -- 1.2 What is D-Brane? -- 1.3 Organization of this book -- 2. Solitons and elementary particle physics -- 2.1 Elementary particle physics and field theory -- 2.1.1 Fields -- 2.1.2 Equation of motion, quantization and elementary particles -- 2.1.3 Problems in elementary particle physics -- 2.2 What is soliton? -- 2.2.1 Field theory and soliton -- 2.2.2 Elementary particles versus solitons -- 2.3 Symmetries in field theories and solitons -- 2.3.1 Symmetry breaking, tachyons, vacuum condensation -- 2.3.2 Solitons emerging from spontaneous symmetry breaking -- 2.3.3 Vortex: soliton in two dimensions -- 2.3.4 Monopole : soliton in three dimensions -- 2.4 Importance of soliton : observation and duality -- 2.4.1 Observing soliton : monopole in grand unified theory -- 2.4.2 Duality and soliton : solving difficulties in field theory -- 3. Dimensions of solitons, dimensions of string theory -- 3.1 Dimensions of solitons and Braneworld -- 3.1.1 Solitons and dimensions -- 3.1.2 Cosmic string : vortex in three dimensions -- 3.1.3 Braneworld -- 3.1.4 How to live on solitons?
3.2 Higher dimensions and compactification in string theory -- 3.2.1 Species of string theories -- 3.2.2 Spectrum of string theory : relation between particles and strings -- 3.2.3 Compactified spacetime -- 3.2.4 Compactification and unified theory -- 4. D-branes -- 4.1 Soliton of string theory is a black hole -- 4.1.1 Strings and charges of tensor fields -- 4.1.2 Equation of motion of string theory -- 4.1.3 Black hole -- 4.1.4 Soliton of string theory = charged black brane -- 4.1.5 Black branes with magnetic charge -- 4.2 Emergence of D-branes -- 4.2.1 D-branes : space on which strings can end -- 4.2.2 Black branes and D-branes -- 4.2.3 Duality symmetry exchanging strings and D-branes -- 5. Dynamical D-branes -- 5.1 D-branes moving and merging -- 5.1.1 Moving D-branes -- 5.1.2 D-brane merger -- 5.2 Non-abelian gauge theories on D-branes and solitons -- 5.2.1 D-branes generating non-abelian gauge theories -- 5.2.2 Seeing monopoles : D-brane prediction of new solitons -- 5.3 Creation/annihilation of D-branes and tachyon condensation -- 5.3.1 Pair-annihilation of D-branes and anti-D-branes -- 5.3.2 Creation of D-branes -- 5.3.3 Reconnection of intersecting D-branes -- 6. Application of D-brane physics -- 6.1 Application I : Braneworld -- 6.1.1 Beyond the standard model of elementary particles -- 6.1.2 Standard model and hierarchy problem -- 6.1.3 Braneworld -- 6.1.4 Creation of black holes at experiments -- 6.1.5 Solving hierarchy problem by curved extra dimensions -- 6.1.6 String theory and Braneworld -- 6.2 Application II : inflationary cosmology in higher dimensions -- 6.2.1 Inflation cosmology -- 6.2.2 The motion of D-branes and inflamation -- 6.2.3 The end of inflation and annihilation of D-branes -- 6.2.4 Why do we live in four spacetime dimensions?
6.3 Application III : Black hole entropy -- 6.3.1 Black holes and quantum mechanics -- 6.3.2 D-brane configuration representing black holes -- 6.3.3 Derivation of entropy formula by D-branes -- 6.4 Applications IV: Holography -- quarks and strings -- 6.4.1 String theory and quantum chromodynamics -- 6.4.2 Large N Limit : from Gluons to string worldsheet -- 6.4.3 Gauge/gravity correspondence : equivalence between non-abelian gauge theory and gravity -- 6.4.4 Validity of gravity and emergence of large N limit -- 6.4.5 Deriving inter-quark potential by gravity -- 6.4.6 Coincidence of symmetries in gauge/gravity correspondence -- 6.4.7 Toward further understanding of quarks -- 7. Toward a description of ultimate theory -- 7.1 Definition of string theory? -- 7.2 D-branes and their dimensions -- 7.3 M-theory : emergence of 11-dimensional spacetime -- 7.4 Matrix theory : M-theory made by D0-branes -- 7.5 Further developments in string theory, for building ultimate theory
Summary Superstring theory is a promising theory which can potentially unify all the forces and the matters in particle physics. A new multi-dimensional object which is called "D-brane" was found. It drastically changed our perspective of a unified world. We may live on membrane-like hypersurfaces in higher dimensions ("braneworld scenario"), or we can create blackholes at particle accelarators, or the dynamics of quarks is shown to be equivalent to the higher dimensional gravity theory. All these scenarios are explained in this book with plain words but with little use of equations and with many figures. The book starts with a summary of long-standing problems in elementary particle physics and explains the D-branes and many applications of them. It ends with future roads for a unified ultimate theory of our world
Analysis Physics
Quantum theory
Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics
Quantum Field Theories, String Theory
Elementary Particles, Quantum Field Theory
Bibliography Includes bibliographical references and index
Notes Translated from Japanese
Subject D-branes.
Superstring theories.
SCIENCE -- Physics -- Nuclear.
Physique.
Astronomie.
D-branes
Superstring theories
Form Electronic book
ISBN 9783642235740
3642235743