Title Managing pain in children : a clinical guide for nurses and healthcare professionals / edited by Alison Twycross, Head of Department, Children's Nursing, Reader, Children's Pain Management, London South Bank University, United Kingdom, Stephanie Dowden, Clinical Nurse Consultant, Paediatric Palliative Care, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia and Jennifer Stinson, Nurse Clinician Scientist and Nurse Practitioner, Chronic Pain Programme, the Hospital for Sick Children, Associate Professor of Nursing, Lawrence S. Bloomberg, Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

Edition Second edition Published Hoboken : Wiley Blackwell, 2014

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Description 1 online resource (314 pages) : illustrations Contents Cover; Title page; Copyright page; Contents; List of Contributors; Foreword; CHAPTER 1: Why Managing Pain in Children Matters; Introduction; What is Pain?; Consequences of Unrelieved Pain; Children's Views about the Effectiveness of Pain Management; Misconceptions about Pain; Factors Affecting Healthcare Professionals' Perceptions of Pain; Pain Management Standards; How Effective are Current Pain Management Practices?; Professional Accountability and Evidence-Based Practice; Managing Pain in Children is an Ethical Imperative; Summary; References; CHAPTER 2: Anatomy and Physiology of Pain IntroductionThe Nervous System; Misconceptions about the Physiology of Pain in Children; Pain Mechanisms; Transduction: The conversion of stimuli to electrical impulses; Transmission: Conveying impulses to the central nervous system; Perception; Modulation; Visceral Pain; Physiology of Chronic and Neuropathic Pain; Central sensitisation in chronic pain; Nervous System Development and Pain Sensation in Early Life; Summary; References; CHAPTER 3: Pain: A Biopsychosocial Phenomenon; Introduction; Biological Factors; Age; Cognitive development; Genetics; Temperament; Psychological Factors; Fear Previous experiences of painSocial Factors; Culture; Family learning; Gender; Summary; References; CHAPTER 4: Pharmacology of Analgesic Drugs; Introduction; Misconceptions; Addiction, Tolerance and Dependence; Addiction risk; Opioid weaning protocols; How Drugs Work; Pharmacodynamics; Pharmacokinetics; Routes of Drug Administration; Selection of Analgesic Drugs; WHO analgesic ladder; Non-Opioid Analgesic Drugs; Paracetamol (acetaminophen); Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Opioid Analgesic Drugs; Tramadol; Opioid antagonists; Adjuvant Analgesic Drugs; Local anaesthetics; Ketamine Other adjuvant analgesic drugsManaging and Minimising the Non-Medical Use of Opioids; Summary; References; CHAPTER 5: Physical and Psychological Methods of Pain Relief in Children; Introduction; Physical Pain-Relieving Methods; Acupuncture; Heat and cold; Massage; Psychological Pain-Relieving Methods; Biofeedback; Cognitive behavioural therapy; Distraction; Hypnosis; Music therapy; Relaxation; Physical Methods of Pain Relief for Neonates; Breastfeeding; Facilitated tucking (or containment); Kangaroo care (skin-to-skin contact); Non-nutritive sucking; Sucrose; Swaddling; Summary; References CHAPTER 6: Pain AssessmentIntroduction; Healthcare Professionals' Role in Pain Assessment; Pain Measurement and Pain Assessment; Assessing Pain in Children; Step 1: Taking a pain history; Step 2: Assessing the child's pain using an developmentally appropriate pain assessment tool; Self-report tools; Behavioural tools; Physiological indicators; Pain Assessment Tools for Neonates; Pain Assessment in Ventilated Children; Pain Assessment in Cognitively Delayed Children; Choosing the Right Pain Assessment Tool; How Often Should Pain be Assessed?; Documentation; Summary; Key to Case Studies Summary Providing an evidence-based, practical guide to care in all areas of children's pain management, Managing Pain in Children offers nurses and other healthcare professionals an introduction to the skills and expertise to manage children's pain effectively. This fully-updated second edition first explores the relevant anatomy and physiology of children, the latest policy guidelines surrounding pain management and ethical issues involved in managing children's pain. Various pain assessment tools available for children and non-drug methods of pain relief are then explored and applie Bibliography Includes bibliographical references and index Notes Online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed October 23, 2013) Subject Children. Pain -- Treatment. Evidence-based nursing. Child Evidence-Based Nursing Pain Management -- nursing children (people by age group) Children Evidence-based nursing Pain -- Treatment Health and Wellbeing. Genre/Form HEALTH & FITNESS MEDICAL MEDICAL MEDICAL MEDICAL Form Electronic book Author Twycross, Alison Dowden, Stephanie Stinson, Jennifer ISBN 9781118514634 1118514637

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