The opening of the century -- Henry VIII -- The story of the "Divorce" of Henry VIII from Catherine -- The royal supremacy and its significance -- Tension increases to breaking point -- The Counter-Reformation -- Last years of Henry VIII -- Changes abroad -- Queen Elizabeth -- Pius IV -- The pope excommunicates the queen -- Authority in the church -- England and Rome : the final struggle -- The last decade of the century -- The Church of England -- The orthodoxy of Anglican Formularies -- The validity of Anglican Orders -- Legal continuity -- The variation of rites and ceremonies -- Papalism