Title Informal norms in global governance : human rights, intellectual property rules and access to medicines / Wolfgang Hein, Suerie Moon

Published Farnham, Surrey, England ; Burlington, VT : Ashgate, ©2013

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Description 1 online resource (xviii, 241 pages) : illustrations Series Global health Global health. Contents Cover -- Contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Foreword -- Preface -- List of Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- (a) Formal and informal norms in the governance of a global society -- (b) The emergence of the "access to medicines" norm -- (c) Informal norms and human rights -- (d) Overview of the book -- 2. Towards a Global Society -- (a) Globalization -- (b) From international relations to global governance -- (c) Transnational actors in global governance -- (d) Post-Westphalian global health governance -- (e) Interfaces, nodal governance, and polylateral diplomacy : Elements of the social construction of global health governance (GHG) -- (f) Global society, global politics and human rights -- 3. Access to Medicines : A Matter of Human Rights -- (a) The right to health and to access to essential medicines -- (b) Sources of formal and informal norms on access to medicines -- (c) The UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Health -- 4. Access to Medicines and Intellectual Property -- (a) Medicines and the global public goods problem -- (b) Introducing the WTO -- (c) Introduction to TRIPS-basic issues -- (d) TRIPS, TRIPS+ and the fight for social issues -- 5. The HIV/AIDS Crisis : The Rise of the Access Norm -- (a) A brief introduction to HIV/AIDS medicines -- (b) AIDS treatment and IP rules in the developing world : The special role of Brazil -- (c) A window of opportunity : The 1999-2001 "policy crisis" -- (d) The Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health -- (e) Early debates on disease scope : The WTO medicines (6) decision and the TRIPS amendment -- (f) Improved access to medicines : Using TRIPS flexibilities -- (g) The first developing country compulsory licenses : Zimbabwe and Malaysia -- (h) Thailand : Regularizing the use of compulsory licensing -- (i) Role and character of finance for treatment -- (j) The rise of access to medicines : Timeline of decisions and increased use of compulsory licensing, 2001-2010 -- 6. Beyond HIV in Africa : Solidification and Expansion of the Access Norm -- (a) Solidification of the access norm -- (b) Inclusiveness of the access norm : Which medicines are essential? -- (c) The inclusiveness of the access norm : Middle-income countries as the new battlefield? -- 7. Challenges to the Stability of Informal Norms -- (a) Challenges in access to HIV/AIDS medicines -- (b) Free trade agreements -- (c) WTO accession agreements -- (d) Alternate channels for IP rulemaking -- 8. Re-framing the Access Norm : Incorporating Innovation -- (a) From expert commissions to global strategies -- (b) Innovation and access : I+A -- (c) Changing expectations for the MICs : Contributions to R & D -- 9. The Impact of Non-state Actors on Informal Norms : Nodal Governance and Global Democracy -- (a) Nodal governance and informal norm-building -- (b) Nodal governance : Interfaces between IGOs, governments and non-state actors in global politics -- (c) Role and power of non-state actors in global norm-building -- 10. Conclusions -- Annex 1. The 2001 WTO Doha Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health -- Annex 2. Timeline of key events -- References -- Index Summary Hein and Moon take up a serious problem of contemporary global governance : what can be done when international trade rules prevent the realization of basic human rights? Starting in the 1990s, intellectual property obligations in trade agreements required many developing countries to begin granting medicines patents, which often rendered lifesaving drugs unaffordable. At stake was the question of what priority would be given to health - particularly of some of the world's poorest people - and what priority to economic interests, particularly those of the most powerful states and firms. This book recounts the remarkable story of the access to medicines movement. The authors offer an explanation for how the informal, but powerful norm that every person should have access to essential medicines emerged after a decade of heated political contestation and against long odds. They also explore the stability and scope of the norm. Finally, the book examines the limitations of informal norms for protecting human rights, and when renewed focus on changing formal norms is warranted Bibliography Includes bibliographical references (pages 199-229) and index Notes English Subject Public health -- International cooperation. Right to health -- Developing countries Drugs -- Prices -- Developing countries Foreign trade regulation -- Developing countries Patents (International law) Human rights. International cooperation. Trademarks. Public health. Developing Countries Human Rights International Cooperation Patents as Topic Pharmaceutical Preparations -- economics Public Health trademarks. public health. HEALTH & FITNESS -- Diseases -- General. HEALTH & FITNESS -- Health Care Issues. MEDICAL -- Diseases. MEDICAL -- Health Care Delivery. MEDICAL -- Health Policy. MEDICAL -- Public Health. SOCIAL SCIENCE -- Disease & Health Issues. Trademarks Public health International cooperation Human rights Drugs -- Prices Foreign trade regulation Patents (International law) Public health -- International cooperation Right to health Developing countries Form Electronic book Author Moon, Suerie, author. LC no. 2012026010 ISBN 9781409426349 1409426343 9781409470908 1409470903 1283901919 9781283901918 9781317116899 1317116895 1317116887 9781317116882

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