| Description |
xiii, 168 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm |
| Contents |
Machine generated contents note: Introduction 1 --1 The History of Nitrates in Medicine 3 --2 Nitrate, the Nitrogen Cycle and the Fertility of Nature 9 -- 21. The Nitrogen Cycle 10 -- 22. The Increasing Fertility of Nature 12 --3 The Metabolism of Nitrate 16 -- 31. The Basic Features 16 -- 32. The Two Sources of Nitrate: Dietary Intake and Endogenous -- Synthesis 17 -- 33. The Metabolic Conversions of Nitrate in the Body and its -- Fate 21 -- 34. Nitrate Secretion with Saliva and its Transformation to -- Nitrite in the Mouth 23 -- 35. Nitrate and Nitrite in the Stomach 26 -- 36. Nitrate Metabolism: a Summary 27 --4 Nitrate in Body Fluids 29 -- 41. Healthy Humans 30 -- 42. Pathological Conditions 32 -- 43. Conclusions 34 -- 5 The Case Against Nitrate: a Critical Examination 35 -- 51. The Risk of Methaemoglobinaemia in Infants 35 -- 511. Methaemoglobinaemia: definition 36 -- 512. Infant methaemoglobinaemia: causes and issues 37 -- 513. Methaemoglobinaemia induced by carrot soup 38 -- 514. Spinach-induced methaemoglobinaemia 41 -- 515. Methaemoglobinaemia caused by enteritis 41 -- 516. Methaemoglobinaemia associated with the use of -- well water 44 -- 517. Conclusion 52 -- 52. The Risk of Cancer 54 -- 521. Background 54 -- 522. The formation of N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) 55 -- 523. Evidence from animal experiments and -- epidemiological studies 58 -- 524. Comments and conclusions 60 -- 53. Other Grievances 63 -- 531. Increased health risk for mother, fetus and child -- from nitrate 63 -- 532. Risk of genotoxicity 64 -- 533. Increased risk for congenital malformation 65 -- 534. Tendency towards increased size of the thyroid -- gland 65 -- 535. Early onset of hypertension 66 -- 536. Enhanced incidence of childhood diabetes 66 -- 537. Other claims 67 -- 54. Conclusions 68 --6 Nitrate Regulations: Presentation and Discussion 69 -- 61. Maximum Nitrate Levels in Drinking Water 69 -- 611. History of regulations 70 -- 612. A look at the early epidemiology as a basis for -- present regulations 74 -- 62. Maximum Nitrate Levels in Food 77 -- 63. The Acceptable Daily Intake and the Reference Dose for -- Nitrate in Man 79 -- 64. Concluding Comments 82 --7 The Beneficial Effects of Nitrate 84 -- 71. The Anti-infective Effects of Nitrate 84 -- 711. The effects in the mouth and gastrointestinal tract 84 -- 712. Anti-infective effects in other organs 87 -- 72. Nitrate, Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Diseases 88 -- 73. Dietary Nitrate and Gastric Cancer 90 -- 74. Other Beneficial Effects 92 -- 75. Conclusion 92 --8 Summary and Conclusions 93 --Appendices --Appendix 1 Conversion Factors and Tables 95 -- Conversion Factors for Nitrate Expressed in Various Units 95 --Appendix 2 Sources of Nitrate in Human Food 99 --Appendix 3 Nitrate Kinetics in Healthy Adults after Oral Doses of -- Nitrate 103 --Appendix 4 High Plasma Nitrate Levels in Various Diseases and -- Therapies 107 --Appendix 5 Human Epidemiological Studies Performed to Evaluate -- the Effects of Nitrate Exposure on Cancer Incidence -- and Mortality 111 --Appendix 6 Massive Intakes of Nitrite and Nitrate: Short-Term -- Effects on Health 119 -- Large Intakes of Nitrite (NO2-) 119 -- Massive Intakes of Nitrate (NO3-) 121 |
| Summary |
This book focuses on the issue of the toxicity or innocuousness of nitrate. The nitrogen cycle, the metabolism of nitrate, the pathological and physiological levels of nitrate in body fluids, and the beneficial effects of nitrate (particularly in the areas of infectious digestive diseases, cardiovascular diseases and cancer) are discussed. Regulations concerning nitrate are examined. It is shown that, contrary to common belief, nitrate from vegetables and tap water presents no danger to human health |
| Analysis |
Nitrates |
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Psychological Effect |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Notes |
Also available via the World Wide Web |
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System requirements: Internet connectivity, World Wide Web browser, and Adobe Acrobat |
| Subject |
Nitrates.
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Nitrates -- Psychological effect
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Nitrates -- Physiological effect.
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Nitrates -- Toxicology.
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Dietary Supplements.
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Nitrates -- metabolism.
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Nitrates -- adverse effects.
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| Author |
L'hirondel, Jean-Louis.
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ebrary, Inc.
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| LC no. |
2002277287 |
| ISBN |
0851995667 |
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