Title Jesus is female : Moravians and the challenge of radical religion in early America / Aaron Spencer Fogleman

Published Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press, [2007] ©2007

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Description 1 online resource (349 pages) : illustrations (some color), maps Series Early American studies Early American studies. Contents Cover; Title; Copyright; Contents; List of Illustrations and Tables; Introduction: The Challenge of Radical Religion; Part I: Religion and Gender; 1. Radical Religion in a Colonial Context; 2. Gender and Confessional Order in the Protestant World; Part II: The Moravian Challenge; 3. The Challenge to Gender Order; 4. The Ecumenical Challenge; Part III: Religious Violence and the Defense of Order; 5. The Orthodox Response; 6. The Confrontation in the Middle Colonies; 7. Religious Violence Erupts; Conclusion: The Limits of Radical Religion in America; Appendices 1. Anti-Moravian Polemics in North America, 1741-17632. Court Cases, Arrests, Imprisonments, Pursuits of Moravian Preachers in North America, 1742-1747; 3. Pastors and Assistants Sent by European Religious Centers to North America, 1726-1754; Notes; Bibliography; Index; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; Q; R; S; T; U; V; W; Y; Z; Acknowledgments; Plates Sections Summary In the middle of the Great Awakening, a group of religious radicals called Moravians came to North America from Germany to pursue ambitious missionary goals. How did the Protestant establishment react to the efforts of this group, which allowed women to preach, practiced alternative forms of marriage, sex, and family life, and believed Jesus could be female? Aaron Spencer Fogleman explains how these views, as well as the Moravians' missionary successes, provoked a vigorous response by Protestant authorities on both sides of the Atlantic. Based on documents in German, Dutch, and English from the Old World and the New, Jesus Is Female chronicles the religious violence that erupted in many German and Swedish communities in colonial America as colonists fought over whether to accept the Moravians, and suggests that gender issues were at the heart of the raging conflict. Colonists fought over the feminine, ecumenical religious order offered by the Moravians and the patriarchal, confessional order offered by Lutheran and Reformed clergy. This episode reveals both the potential and the limits of radical religion in early America. Though religious nonconformity persisted despite the repression of the Moravians, and though America remained a refuge for such groups, those who challenged the cultural order in their religious beliefs and practices would not escape persecution. Jesus Is Female traces the role of gender in eighteenth-century religious conflict back to the European Reformation and the beginnings of Protestantism. This transatlantic approach heightens our understanding of American developments and allows for a better understanding of what occurred when religious freedom in a colonial setting led to radical challenges to tradition and social order Analysis American History American Studies Religion Religious Studies Bibliography Includes bibliographical references (pages 289-298) and index Notes Print version record Subject Moravian Church in America -- History -- 18th century Moravian Church in America -- Relations -- Lutheran Church. Moravian Church in America -- Relations -- Reformed Church. Moravian Church in America -- Doctrines -- History -- 18th century SUBJECT Moravian Church in America fast Brüdergemeine. idszbz Subject Lutheran Church -- Relations -- Moravian Church in America. Reformed Church -- Relations -- Moravian Church in America. Sex -- Religious aspects -- Moravian Church in America -- History of doctrines -- 18th century HISTORY -- United States -- Colonial Period (1600-1775) Interfaith relations Lutheran Church Reformed Church Theology, Doctrinal Herrnhutters. Protestanten. SUBJECT United States -- Church history -- 18th century. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93009175 Subject United States Verenigde Staten. USA. Genre/Form Church history History Form Electronic book LC no. 2006051491 ISBN 9780812291681 0812291689 0812220269 9780812220261

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