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Book Cover
E-book
Author Rosenberg, Eugene, author.

Title The hologenome concept : human, animal and plant microbiota / Eugene Rosenberg, Ilana Zilber-Rosenberg
Published Cham : Springer, 2013

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Description 1 online resource (xiii, 178 pages)
Contents Introduction: Symbioses and the Hologenome Concept -- Origin of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes -- Abundance and Diversity of Microbiota -- Microbiotas are Transmitted between Holobiont Generations -- Microbiotas are Part of Holobiont Fitness -- Variation in Holobionts -- Viruses are part of the Holobiont's Fitness and Evolution -- Evolution of Holobionts -- Pathogens as Symbionts -- Prebiotics, Probiotics, Synbiotics and Phage Therapy
Summary Groundbreaking research over the last 10 years has given rise to the hologenome concept of evolution. This concept posits that the holobiont (host plus all of its associated microorganisms) and its hologenome (sum of the genetic information of the host and its symbiotic microorganisms), acting in concert, function as a unique biological entity and therefore as a level of selection in evolution. All animals and plants harbor abundant and diverse microbiota, including viruses. Often the amount of symbiotic microorganisms and their combined genetic information far exceed that of their host. The microbiota with its microbiome, together with the host genome, can be transmitted from one generation to the next and thus propagate the unique properties of the holobiont. The microbial symbionts and the host interact in a cooperative way that affects the health of the holobiont within its environment. Beneficial microbiota protects against pathogens, provides essential nutrients, catabolizes complex polysaccharides, renders harmful chemicals inert, and contributes to the performance of the immune system. In humans and animals, the microbiota also plays a role in behavior. The sum of these cooperative interactions characterizes the holobiont as a unique biological entity. Genetic variation in the hologenome can be brought about by changes in either the host genome or the microbial population genomes (microbiome). Evolution by cooperation can occur by amplifying existing microbes, gaining novel microbiota and by acquiring microbial and viral genes. Under environmental stress, the microbiome can change more rapidly and in response to more processes than the host organism alone and thus influences the evolution of the holobiont. Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and phage therapy are discussed as applied aspects of the hologenome concept
Analysis microorganisms
evolutie
evolution
levenswetenschappen
life sciences
microbiologie
microbiology
zoology
nuttige organismen
beneficial organisms
symbionten
symbionts
mens
man
dieren
animals
planten
plants
gastheren (dieren, mensen, planten)
hosts
genomica
genomics
Genome informatics
Biology (General)
Genoominformatica
Biologie (algemeen)
Bibliography Includes bibliographical references
Notes Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed February 3, 2014)
Subject Microbial genomics.
Evolution (Biology)
Symbiosis.
Metagenome -- genetics
Biological Evolution
Genome, Microbial -- genetics
Microbiota -- genetics
Plants -- microbiology
Symbiosis
evolution.
SCIENCE -- Life Sciences -- Biology.
SCIENCE -- Life Sciences -- Microbiology.
Symbiosis
Evolution (Biology)
Microbial genomics
Form Electronic book
Author Zilber-Rosenberg, Ilana, author
ISBN 9783319042411
3319042416
3319042408
9783319042404