Ten years of research in artificial intelligence (1957-1967) -- Cognitive simulation (1957-1962) -- Semantic information processing (1962-1967) -- Assumptions underlying persistent optimism -- Biological assumption -- Psychological assumption -- Epistemological assumption -- Ontological assumption -- Alternatives to the traditional assumptions -- The role of the body in intelligent behavior -- The situation: orderly behavior without recourse to rules -- The situation as a function of human needs -- Conclusion: the scope and limits of artificial reason -- The limits of artificial intelligence -- The future of artificial intelligence
