| Description |
1 online resource |
| Contents |
Cover; Diminishing Returns at Work; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; Preface and Acknowledgments; 1. Introduction: Why Working Hours?; 2. A Brief History of Working Hours; Trade Unions; Employers; Statutory Legislation; A Market Explanation; America and Britain Contrasted; What Has Been Learned?; 3. Conceptual Framework; An Expression Inspired by Charles Cobb and Paul Douglas; An Expression Inspired by Benjamin Gompertz; 4. Estimates of Production Functions; Observations Collected by Horace Vernon During the First World War |
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Observations Collected by the Industrial Health Research Board During the Second World WarObservations Collected by Max Kossoris and Reinfried Kohler During the Second World War; Observations Collected by Ben Craig on Plywood Mills in the State of Washington; Some Conclusions About Hours and Output of Workers from These Four Cases; 5. Further Implications of the Augmented Production Functions; Part-Time and Full-Time Workers; Overtime Work; Macroeconomics; 6. Hours of Work, Health, and Well-Being; Cognitive Function; Cardiovascular Disease; Nationally Representative Populations |
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Injuries and AccidentsThe Well-Being of the Household; 7. The Association Between Working Hours and Hourly Earnings; The Demise of a Basic Issue; Information Provided by Self-Employed Workers; A Third Class of Explanations; 8. Concluding Notes; Data Appendices; References; Index |
| Summary |
"The relationship between the number of hours worked and productivity has long fascinated economists and management. It is a central component of the production function that translates inputs to outputs. While increasing the number of hours someone works may increase output, this incisive book demonstrates that there are diminishing returns to long working hours. John Pencavel, of Stanford University, provides an overview of how the length of working hours evolved from the 19th century to today and how the number of working hours affects work performance and other outcomes, including health, well-being, and wages. Diminishing Returns at Work provides a brief history of working hours both in the United States and Britain, including the influence of trade unions pushing for shorter hours of work, the tension with employers who resisted reducing hours, and the influence of legislation and custom. Pencavel discusses various conceptual frameworks for specifying production functions that measure the relationship between inputs and outputs and develops an alternative approach to estimate actual relationships through a reevaluation of classic studies, including the productivity of munitions workers in Britain during the First and Second World Wars, a variety of industries in the United States in the Second World War, and plywood mills in Washington during the 1980s. The book also explores the influence of working hours on the incidence of sickness and injuries and the associations between hours of work and wages. The declining effectiveness of long hours is manifested not only in marketable output but also in a rising probability of ill-health and accidents, and evidence of this has been found both for blue-collar workers and for white-collar workers. In short, shorter hours of work might benefit both firms and workers"-- Provided by publisher |
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"The book concerns working hours - in the past and in the present, in America and in Britain. The focus is on the relation between hours of work and outcomes such as production and health. Proportional increases in hours of work are shown to result in smaller proportional increases in production and the benefits in output of long working hours may not offset the consequences of long hours for the health and quality of life of workers. Shorter hours of work might benefit both firms and workers"-- Provided by publisher |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Notes |
Online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on June 11, 2018) |
| Subject |
Hours of labor -- United States.
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Hours of labor -- Great Britain
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Wages -- United States
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Wages -- Great Britain
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Labor productivity -- United States
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Labor productivity -- Great Britain
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Industrial hygiene -- United States
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Industrial hygiene -- Great Britain
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BUSINESS & ECONOMICS -- Labor.
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BUSINESS & ECONOMICS -- Workplace Culture.
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BUSINESS & ECONOMICS -- Corporate & Business History.
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POLITICAL SCIENCE -- Labor & Industrial Relations.
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Hours of labor
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Industrial hygiene
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Labor productivity
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Wages
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Great Britain
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United States
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| ISBN |
9780190876173 |
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0190876174 |
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9780190876180 |
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0190876182 |
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9780190876197 |
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0190876190 |
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