| Description |
1 online resource (xv, 116 pages) : illustrations (some color) |
| Contents |
1. Epidemiology -- 2. Etiology: 2.1. Biological Characteristics of Free-Living Amoeba -- 2.2. Acanthamoeba spp. -- 2.2.1. Trophozoite -- 2.2.2. Cyst -- 2.2.3. Classification of Acanthamoeba -- 2.2.4. Genotyping Identification of Acanthamoeba Strains in the Natural Environment -- 2.3. Naegleria spp. -- 2.3.1. Trophozoite -- 2.3.2. Cyst -- 3. Pathological Mechanisms and A Immunological Reactions: 3.1. Pathological Mechanisms -- 3.1.1. Adhesive Attraction to the Corneal Epithelium -- 3.1.2. Non-contact Cytolysis Induced by Protease -- 3.1.3. Contact-Dependent Cytolysis -- 3.1.4. Apoptosis Mediated by Acanthamoeba -- 3.1.5. Cytokines -- 3.2. Immunological Reactions -- 3.2.1. Non-specific Immunoreaction -- 3.2.2. Specific Immunoreaction -- 3.2.2.1. Antigen-Presenting Cell -- 3.2.2.2. Humoral Immunity -- 3.2.2.3. Cellular Immunity -- 3.2.3. Preventive Immunoreaction -- 4. Clinical Manifestations: 4.1. General Conditions -- 4.1.1. Distribution Characteristics of Ages -- 4.1.2. Distribution Characteristics of Genders -- .4.1.3. Distribution Characteristics of Occupations -- 4.1.4. Risk Factors -- 4.1.5. Seasonal Morbidity -- 4.2. Clinical Symptoms -- 4.3. Clinical Signs -- 4.3.1. Early Stage -- 4.3.2. Advanced Stage -- 4.3.3. Late Stage 4.4. Coinfection -- 4.5. Complications -- 4.5.1. Anterior Uveitis -- 4.5.2. Intraocular Hypertension or Secondary Glaucoma -- 4.5.3. Anterior Scleritis -- 4.5.4. Complicated Cataract -- 5. Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis -- 5.1. Diagnosis of Acanthamoeba Keratitis -- 5.1.1. Clinical Diagnosis -- 5.1.2. Etiological Diagnosis -- 5.2. Differential Diagnosis of Acanthamoeba Keratitis -- 5.2.1. Key Points for Differential Diagnosis of Acanthamoeba Keratitis from Viral Keratitis -- 5.2.2. Key Points of Differential Diagnosis of Acanthamoeba Keratitis from Fungal Keratitis -- 5.2.3. Key Points of Differential Diagnosis of Acanthamoeba Keratitis from Bacterial Keratitis -- 6. Laboratory Examination: 6.1. Method of the Cornea Sample Collection -- 6.1.1. Sample Collection for the Cornea Smear Cytology Examination -- 6.1.2. Sample Collection for the Culture of Acanthamoeba -- 6.2. Conventional Methods of Examination -- 6.2.1. Smear Cytological Examination of the Corneal Scraping -- 6.2.2. Cultivation of A Acanthamoeba -- 6.2.3. Test of In Vitro Susceptibility to Acanthamoeba -- 6.2.4. Histopathological Examination -- 6.2.5. Flagellation Test -- 6.3. Special Examination Methods -- 6.3.1. Special Staining Methods -- 6.3.1.1. Iodine Tincture Stain -- 6.3.1.2. Lactophenol Cotton Blue Stain -- 6.3.1.3. Fuchsin Stain -- 6.3.1.4. Calcofluor White Staining -- 6.3.1.5. Acridine Orange Staining -- 6.3.2. Electron Microscope Examination -- 6.3.3. Molecular Biology Examination -- 7. Treatment of Acanthamoeba Keratitis: 7.1. Anto-emoebic drugs -- 7.1.1. Aromatic Diamidines -- 7.1.2. Cationic Biguanide Disinfectants -- 7.1.3. Imidazoles -- 7.1.4. Aminoglycosides -- 7.1.5. Drug Susceptibility -- 7.1.6. Effect of Glucocorticoids -- 7.1.7. Novel Anti-amoebic Drugs Investigated -- 7.2. Clinical Therapeutic Principles and Regimens -- 7.2.1. Therapeutic Principles -- 7.2.2. Therapeutic Regimens -- 7.3. Surgical Management -- 7.3.1. Debridement and Cautery of the Corneal Ulcer -- 7.2.1. Debridement and Cautery of the Corneal Ulcer -- 7.3.2. Excision of Necrotic Tissues of the Corneal Lesions and Amniotic Membrane Transplantation -- 7.3.3. Corneal Transplantation -- 7.4. Typical Case Reports -- 7.4.1. Case 1: Bilateral Acanthamoeba Keratitis Related to Orthokeratology -- 7.4.2. Case 2: Acanthamoeba Keratitis Related to Vegetant Trauma -- 7.4.3. Case 3: Acanthamoeba Keratitis Coinfected with Fungal Infection -- 7.4.4. Case 4: Acanthamoeba Keratitis Caused by a Splashed Insect -- 7.4.5. Case 5: Acanthamoeba Keratitis Related to Orthokeratology -- 7.5. Dispensing Method of Anti-amoebic Eye Drops in Hospital |
| Summary |
This book provides the concise descriptions of the basic and clinical knowledge about Acanthamoba keratitis, including characteristics of pathogen, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment with abundant figure illustrations and typical cases to ophthalmological practitioners and researchers. Acanthamoeba pathogen is widely distributed in the nature. However, Acanthamoeba keratitis is generally considered as a type of sight-threatening keratitis that is difficult to treat. At early stage Acanthamoeba keratitis usually shows atypical clinical manifestations, that are often misdiagnosed as viral or bacterial keratitis. Moreover, there are not approved topical anti-amoebicdrugs available up to now. We hope ophthalmological practitioners can obtain a comprehensive understanding of this infection through this book. Xuguang Sun is a professor of Ophthalmology at Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references |
| Notes |
Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed February 26, 2018) |
| Subject |
Keratitis -- Diagnosis
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Keratitis -- Treatment
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Acanthamoeba.
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Acanthamoeba Keratitis -- diagnosis
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Acanthamoeba Keratitis -- therapy
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MEDICAL -- Surgery -- General.
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Acanthamoeba
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Keratitis
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| ISBN |
9789811052125 |
|
9811052123 |
|
9789811052132 |
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9811052131 |
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9789811338496 |
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9811338493 |
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