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Hormones
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--subdivision Endocrine aspects under individual diseases and types of diseases and physiological functions, processes, or states, e.g. Cancer--Endocrine aspects; Fertility--Endocrine aspects; also subdivision Metabolism--Endocrine aspects under individual organs and regions of the body, e.g. Heart--Metabolism--Endocrine aspects; and subdivision Endocrinology under individual animals and groups of animals, e.g. Fishes--Endocrinology
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-- See Also the narrower term Insulin
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-- See Also the narrower term Leptin
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Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behavior of the target cell (From Alberts, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, pp693-5). Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands
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Intracellular receptors that can be found in the cytoplasm or in the nucleus. They bind to extracellular signaling molecules that migrate through or are transported across the CELL MEMBRANE. Many members of this class of receptors occur in the cytoplasm and are transported to the CELL NUCLEUS upon ligand-binding where they signal via DNA-binding and transcription regulation. Also included in this category are receptors found on INTRACELLULAR MEMBRANES that act via mechanisms similar to CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS
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