| Description |
1 online resource : illustrations |
| Contents |
Intro -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- Acknowledgement -- Foreword -- Preface -- List of Figures -- Notes on Contributors -- Introduction -- I.2 Freedom -- I.3 Equality -- I.4 Pandemic X -- Part I. Global Response to the Pandemic -- 1. The Great Coronavirus Pandemic: An Unparalleled Collapse in Global Solidarity -- 1.1 Norms of Solidarity -- 1.2 The International Health Regulations: Fracturing of the Global Instrument to Govern Pandemic Response -- 1.3 SARS-CoV-2 Proximal Origin -- 1.4 Failures in Risk Communication and Lost Public Trust in WHO and Public Health Agencies -- 1.5 Failures in Scientific Cooperation -- 1.6 Nationalism, Isolationism, and Science Denial -- 1.7 WHO Caught in the Middle of Two Political Superpowers -- 1.8 Exacerbating the Global Narrative of Deep Inequities -- 1.9 A Failure of Imagination of Global Bodies -- 1.10 How to Solidify Global Cooperation and Equity -- 2. Institutionalizing the Duty to Rescue in a Global Health Emergency -- 2.1 Extreme Nationalism -- 2.2 The Moral Necessity of Institutionalizing Duties of Justice, not Just Duties of Beneficence -- 2.3 A Dynamic Conception of Morality -- 2.4 Extreme Cosmopolitanism -- 2.5 A Positive Cosmopolitan Duty -- 2.6 Institutional Design -- 3. The Uneasy Relationship between Human Rights and Public Health: Lessons from COVID-19 -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Scope -- 3.3 Content -- 3.4 Common Goods -- 3.5 Democracy -- 3.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Part II. Liberty -- 4. Bringing Nuance to Autonomy-Based Considerations in Vaccine Mandate Debates -- 4.1 The Standard Approach: Appeal to the Harm Principle -- 4.2 Application of the Harm Principle to Vaccine Mandate Debates -- 4.3 Mandates and Freedom of Occupation -- 4.4 Just a Prick? Bodily Autonomy, Trust, and Psychosocial Harm -- 4.5 Reasons for Refusal and Implications for Autonomy |
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4.6 A Word about the Least Restrictive Alternative-Mandates vs. Nudges and Incentives -- 4.7 Conclusion -- 5. The Risks of Prohibition during Pandemics -- 5.1 Policing Pandemic Risks -- 5.2 Prohibition and Public Health Outcomes -- 5.3 Public Health Hypocrisy -- 5.4 General Principles for Prohibition and Pandemics -- 5.5 Conclusion -- 6. Handling Future Pandemics: Harming, Not Aiding, and Liberty -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Distinguishing Not Harming from Aiding -- 6.3 How to Weigh Costs to Some against "Benefits" to Others -- 7. Against Procrustean Public Health: Two Vignettes -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 The Ethics of Considering Vaccination Status to Design Public Health Restrictions -- 7.3 The Ethics of Using "Second-Best" Vaccines -- 7.4 Coda: Why Research Remains Imperative -- 7.5 Conclusion -- 8. Ethics of Selective Restriction of Liberty in a Pandemic -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 The Harm Principle and Liberty Restriction -- 8.3 Easy Rescue Consequentialism -- 8.4 Applying Easy Rescue Consequentialism to the Pandemic -- 8.5 Population-Level Consequentialist Assessment -- 8.6 Individual Costs -- 8.7 Resource Use and Indirect Harm -- 8.8 Consistency: Compare with Children -- 8.9 Objections -- 8.10 An Algorithm for Decision-Making -- 8.11 Conclusion -- Part III. Balancing Ethical Values -- 9. How to Balance Lives and Livelihoods in a Pandemic -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Benefit-Cost Analysis -- 9.3 Social Welfare Analysis -- 9.4 Evaluating Policies: a Numerical Illustration -- 9.5 Conclusion -- 10. Pluralism and Allocation of Limited Resources: Vaccines and Ventilators -- 10.1 Conflicting Values, Conflicting Choices -- 10.2 Pluralism in Pandemics -- 10.3 Challenges to Developing Pluralistic Resource Allocation in a Pandemic -- 10.4 Disease X -- 10.5 Conclusions |
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11. Fairly and Pragmatically Prioritizing Global Allocation of Scarce Vaccines during a Pandemic -- 11.1 Background -- 11.2 Pragmatic Challenges -- 11.3 Flattening the Curve -- 11.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- 12. Tragic Choices during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Past and the Future -- 12.1 The Two Main Approaches for Resource Allocation: Ethical (USA) versus Medical (Europe) Framework -- 12.2 Outcomes -- 12.3 Lessons for the Future -- 12.4 Conclusion -- Part IV. Pandemic Equality and Inequality -- 13. Ethical Hotspots in Infectious Disease Surveillance for Global Health Security: Social Justice and Pandemic Preparedness -- 13.1 Requirements for Effective Pandemic Preparedness -- 13.2 Global Justice and Infectious Disease Surveillance -- 13.3 Surveillance and Social Justice -- 13.4 Three Tests of Ethical Commitment -- 13.5 Conclusion: Infectious Disease Hotspots Are also Ethical Hotspots -- Acknowledgements -- 14. COVID-19: An Unequal and Disequalizing Pandemic -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 COVID-19: An 'Unequal' Disease? -- 14.3 The Pandemic and the Policy Response to it -- 14.4 Policy and the Pandemic: Some Fallouts -- 14.5 Concluding Observations -- 15. Pandemic and Structural Comorbidity: Lasting Social Injustices in Brazil -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 COVID-19 in Brazil: Background and Pandemic -- 15.3 Making Visible the Intersection of Vulnerabilities: the Effects of COVID-19 in Brazil and its Colonial Entanglements -- 15.4 Poverty as a Risk Factor: the Case of the Pandemic in Slums -- 15.5 Racism and Sexism Aggravating Pandemic Risk: Unemployment, Hunger, and Domestic Violence -- 15.6 LGBTI+ People in the Pandemic: Isolation and Insecurity -- 15.7 Indigenous Peoples: Socio-environmental and Ethnic-racial Risk in the Pandemic -- 15.8 At-risk Groups: Colonial Vulnerability in Times of Pandemic -- 15.9 Adopting a Decolonial Moral Paradigm |
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15.10 The Colonial Past and the Post-pandemic Future -- 16. Fair Distribution of Burdens and Vulnerable Groups with Physical Distancing during a Pandemic -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Overview of COVID-19 Control Policies in Japan -- 16.3 COVID-19: Older Individuals and Foreigners in Japan -- 16.4 Three Policy Measures to Improve the Welfare of Vulnerable Populations -- 16.5 Adjusting the Public Health Policy for a Future Disease X -- 16.6 Conclusions -- Part V. Pandemic X -- 17. Pondering the Next Pandemic: Liberty, Justice, and Democracy in the COVID-19 Pandemic -- 17.1 Liberty-Restricting Measures -- 17.2 Global Justice -- 17.3 Going Forward -- 17.4 Conclusion -- Index |
| Summary |
Responding to current or future pandemics requires action based on unresolved, fundamental, and controversial ethical issues. The defining feature of a pandemic is its scale--the simultaneous threat to millions or even billions of lives. That scale creates and necessitates awful choices since the wellbeing and lives of all cannot be simultaneously protected. The experience of COVID-19 means that medicine, epidemiology, and public health will potentially be better-placed to face Disease X. This volume addresses the ethical and social lessons of the current pandemic. What lessons can we learn from the COVID-19 pandemic to prepare for future pandemics? |
| Notes |
"Author manuscript version first made accessible on the NCBI Bookshelf website June 20, 2023." |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references |
| Notes |
Description based on online resource; title from Bookshelf entry page (viewed October 3, 2023) |
| Subject |
COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020- -- Moral and ethical aspects
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Medical ethics.
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COVID-19 (Disease)
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COVID-19
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Pandemics -- ethics
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Public Health Practice -- ethics
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Delivery of Health Care -- ethics
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Health Planning -- ethics
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Ethics, Medical
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Medical ethics
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Ethics & moral philosophy.
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Society.
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| Author |
Savulescu, Julian, editor
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Wilkinson, Dominic, editor
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| ISBN |
9780191967900 |
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0191967904 |
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9780192699602 |
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0192699601 |
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9780192699619 |
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019269961X |
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