| Description |
1 online resource |
| Series |
Directions in development. Human development |
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Directions in development (Washington, D.C.). Human development.
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| Contents |
Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- Executive Summary -- Chapter 1 Thirty Years of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Argentina -- Introduction -- Changes in the HIV/AIDS Epidemic during the Past Two Decades -- HIV/AIDS Response in Argentina: National Public Policy and Public Good -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- Chapter 2 Burden of HIV/AIDS in Argentina: Global and Regional Comparative Analysis -- Introduction -- Global Burden of Disease Approach -- HIV/AIDS Epidemics in Argentina Using a BoD Approach -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3 Subnational Analysis of the Burden of HIV/AIDS in Argentina -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Subnational Epidemiological Analysis -- Subnational Burden of Disease Analysis -- Conclusion -- Annex 3A: Burden of HIV/AIDS in Argentina, 2005-10 -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4 Advances and Challenges in the Supply of HIV/AIDS and STI Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment from the Argentine Public Health System -- Introduction -- Conceptual Definitions of the Participatory Diagnostic Study -- Methodology -- Comparative Analysis for 2007-11 -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 5 Social and Economic Factors Related to the Demand Side of the HIV/AIDS Burden in Argentina -- Introduction -- High-Risk Populations in Argentina -- Methodology -- Data Analysis and Results -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 6 Is Argentina Spending Too Much on Its HIV/AIDS Program? A Cross-Country Comparative Analysis -- Introduction -- Overview of Argentina's Domestic HIV/AIDS Spending -- Cross-Country Comparison of HIV/AIDS Spending -- Viability and Sustainability of the HIV/AIDS Program in Argentina -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 7 Cost-Benefit Analysis of the HIV/AIDS Program in Argentina -- Introduction -- Cost-Benefit Analysis |
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Results -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Conclusions -- Key Advances -- Challenges -- Note -- Glossary -- Note -- Boxes -- 2.1 Burden of Disease -- 2.2 How Is a DALY Calculated? -- Figures -- 1.1 AIDS Cases and HIV Incidence in Argentina, 1991-2011 -- 1.2 AIDS in Argentina, 1990-2011 -- 1.3 HIV Incidence in Argentina, by Sex, 2001-11 -- 1.4 Number of New HIV Cases in Argentina, by Age, 2001-03 and 2010-12 -- 1.5 HIV Incidence in Argentina, by Age, 2001 and 2011 -- 1.6 Male-to-Female HIV Infection Ratio, by Age, 2001-11 -- 1.7 HIV Transmission Routes in Argentina, 2010-12 -- 1.8 AIDS Cases and Deaths Caused by AIDS, 1990-2011 -- 1.9 Deaths Caused by AIDS, by Sex, 1990-2011 -- 1.10 Vertical HIV Transmission Rate among Children Born to HIV Positive Mothers, 2000-11 -- 1.11 HIV Vertical Transmission, by Sex, 2001-12 -- 1.12 HIV Diagnosis Among Women According to Pregnancy Stage, 2009-12 -- 1.13 Regional Percentages of Pregnant Women Who Received an HIV Test in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, 2005, 2008, 2009, and 2010 -- 1.14 Average Annual Domestic Spending per Pregnant Woman on Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission, Selected Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 1.15 Youth Knowledge about HIV Transmission and Prevention in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2007-09 -- 1.16 Registered Cases of Tuberculosis and HIV Testing, 2006-12 -- 1.17 Estimated Antiretroviral Treatment Coverage in Latin America, 2012 -- 1.18 Milestones in Response to the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Argentina, 1990-2012 -- 2.1 Percentage of YLDs per Health Condition among Men and Women in Argentina, 2005 -- 2.2 Progression of Burden of HIV in Argentina, 1990-2010 -- 2.3 Changes in the Composition of DALYs in Argentina, by Sex, 2000-10 -- 2.4 DALYs from HIV in Argentina, by Age Group, 1995-2010 |
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2.5 HIV/AIDS Adult Prevalence in Selected LAC Countries, Ages 15-49, 2011 -- 2.6 Annual Incidence of AIDS Cases in Men and Women, by Country, 2010 -- 2.7 Male-to-Female Ratio of AIDS Cases, by Country, 2010 -- 2.8 Percentage Change in DALYs, Deaths, YLDs, and YLLs, by Country, 1990-2000 -- 2.9 Change in DALYs, Deaths, YLLs, and YLDs in Latin America, 2000-10 -- 2.10 Burden of HIV in Latin America, 2000 -- 2.11 Change in HIV Notification Rate in Chile, by Sex, 1984-2010 -- 2.12 HIV/AIDS DALYs per 100,000 People in Selected Countries in Latin America, 2010 -- 2.13 Percentage Change in HIV Burden in Selected Countries in Latin America, 2000-10 -- 3.1 Notification Rates per 100,000 Inhabitants, by Region, 2001-11 -- 3.2 Changes in HIV Prevalence, by Province, 2001-11 -- 3.3 HIV Rates, by Region and Sex, 2010-11 -- 3.4 HIV Rate per 100,000, by Sex, 2001-11 -- 3.5 HIV/AIDS Burden of Disease, by Province in Argentina, 2010 -- 3.6 HIV/AIDS Burden, by Region, 2005 and 2010 -- 3.7 Comparison of HIV/AIDS Burden, by Province, 2005 and 2010 -- 3.8 Comparison of HIV/AIDS Burden by Province and Sex, 2005 and 2010 -- 3.9 HIV/AIDS Incidence Rate Projections, by Region, 2007-25 -- 4.1 Average Monthly Condom Distribution by the National HIV/AIDS and STDs Office, 2006-13 -- 4.2 Number of Condoms Transferred to the 24 Provinces, 2011 -- 4.3 Condom Distribution at Fixed Points, by Province, 2011-13 -- 4.4 AIDS Materials Distributed, by Jurisdiction, 2011 -- 4.5 Number of Centers for Prevention, Counseling, and Testing, by Province, as of July 2013 -- 4.6 Use of Rapid HIV Testing in Hospitals, by Region, 2011 -- 5.1 Changes in HIV/AIDS BoD and Violence Levels, 2000-10 -- 5.2 HIV/AIDS BoD and Sexual Abuse and Violence, 2010 -- 5.3 HIV/AIDS BoD and Self-Harm and Interpersonal Violence, 2010 -- 5.4 HIV Incidence and the Violence Index in Argentina, 2009 |
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5.5 HIV/AIDS BoD and Average Years of Schooling, 2010 -- 5.6 Changes in HIV/AIDS BoD and Mean Years of Schooling, 2000-10 -- 5.7 HIV Incidence and Education in Argentina, 2009 -- 5.8 HIV/AIDS BoD and Alcohol and Drug Use, 2010 -- 5.9 HIV Incidence and Alcohol Consumption in Argentina, 2009 -- 5.10 HIV/AIDS BoD and GDP per Capita in Africa, 2010 -- 5.11 HIV/AIDS BoD and GDP per Capita in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2010 -- 5.12 HIV Incidence and GDP per Capita in Argentina, 2009 -- 6.1 GFATM Disbursements in Argentina, 2003-13 -- 6.2 Allocation of Resources (%) for HIV/AIDS in Argentina, 2009 and 2012 -- 6.3 Reported Total HIV Spending (%) for 20 Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean -- 6.4 Programmatic Point of Inflection in the HIV Prevention Response: Rate of New HIV Infections among Patients Initiating ART, 2012 -- 6.5 Annual Cost per Patient for Tenofovir/Emtricitabine + Efavirenz and Tenofovir/Emtricitabine/Efavirenz in Fixed-Dose Combination, by Country, 2012-13 -- 6.6 Annual Cost per Patient for Scheme Zidovudine/Lamivudine + Lopinavir/Ritonavir, by Country, 2011-13 -- 6.7 Annual Cost per Patient for Tenofovir/Emtricitabine + Lopinavir/Ritonavir, by Country, 2012-13 -- 6.8 HIV/AIDS Spending in LAC and Selected Countries, 2011 -- 6.9 HIV/AIDS Spending in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2011 -- 6.10 HIV/AIDS Burden in Countries with Comparable HIV/AIDS Spending, 2011 -- 6.11 HIV/AIDS Burden in Countries with Comparable HIV/AIDS Spending, 2000-10 and 2012 -- 6.12 Estimated Number of New HIV Cases and Deaths Caused by AIDS in Argentina, 1990-2020 -- 7.1 Burden of HIV/AIDS in Argentina, 1990-2010 -- 7.2 HIV/AIDS in South America -- 7.3 Predicted Burden of HIV/AIDS, 1990-2010 -- 7.4 Estimated Costs of HIV Spending in Argentina, 2001-10 -- 7.5 Benefits and Costs in Argentina, 2000-10 -- Map |
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3.1 HIV Incidence in Argentina, by Province, 2001 and 2011 -- Tables -- 1.1 Essential Public Health Functions in the HIV/AIDS Program at the National and Subnational Levels -- 3.1 Provincial Performance in Terms of Burden of HIV/AIDS, 2005-10 -- 3A.1 Burden of HIV/AIDS among Men, 2005 -- 3A.2 Burden of HIV/AIDS among Men, 2010 -- 3A.3 Burden of HIV/AIDS among Women, 2005 -- 3A.4 Burden of HIV/AIDS among Women, 2010 -- 5.1 Multiple Linear Regression between HIV/AIDS Burden and Education, Violence, Alcohol, and Drug Use at the Country Level -- 5.2 Bivariate Analysis of HIV/AIDS Burden and Education, Violence, Alcohol, and Drug Use at the Country Level -- 5.3 Multiple Linear Regression between HIV/AIDS Burden and Education, Violence, Alcohol, and Drug Use at the Provincial Level in Argentina -- 5.4 Bivariate Analysis of HIV/AIDS Burden and Education, Violence, Alcohol, and Drug Use at the Provincial Level in Argentina -- 5.5 Marginal Effects of Condom Use, 2005-09 -- 5.6 Marginal Effects of Condom Use, by Sex, 2009 -- 6.1 Domestic HIV/AIDS Spending by Funding Source in Argentina, 2006-12 -- 6.2 External Funding Dependency in LAC, 2009-11 -- 6.3 External Funding Dependence for ART in LAC, 2013 -- 6.4 HIV/AIDS Budget per Expense Category, 2009-12 -- 7.1 Productive Capacity -- 7.2 General Implicit Value -- 7.3 Summary Statistics -- 7.4 Ordinary Least Squares Regression -- 7.5 Potential Years Saved, 2001-10 -- 7.6 Benefits in Argentina, 2010 -- 7.7 Cost-Benefit Analysis from 2001 to 2010 in Argentina |
| Summary |
The 1992 creation of the National HIV/AIDS Program was a fundamental step for Argentina to reach the second lowest burden of HIV/AIDS in South America. From 2000 to 2010, Argentina further reduced the already low HIV/AIDS incidence of 15.9 per 100,000 by 25 percent and reduced the burden by 21 percent. This study analyzes the national and inter-provincial burden of disease, the demographics of new HIV cases, the demand and supply-sides of service delivery, and conducts a cost-benefit analysis of the National HIV/AIDS Program over the last decade. Though the National HIV/AIDS Program was an instrumental step towards these achievements, this book also examines other key programmatic innovations that have been essential to the country's success in the fight against HIV/AIDS, including the introduction of universal free antiretroviral treatment; a comprehensive legal framework for sexual and reproductive rights; the introduction of incentives and results-based financing in the HIV/AIDS program; electronic monitoring of supplies and medicines; and implementation of an electronic clinical governance system for improving the quality of care and patient follow-up, among others. Despite high costs of the Program, this study found the Argentine National HIV/AIDS Program is cost-beneficial. From 2000 to 2010, 4,379 potential lives were saved. Nonetheless, the fight against this epidemic poses continuous challenges, including a stubbornly high number of new infections among young men who have sex with men, inequalities in HIV/AIDS rates between provinces, insufficient coverage of HIV diagnostic testing, insufficient HIV testing of tuberculosis patients, low expenditure on HIV prevention, high comparative cost of antiretroviral treatment, and questions regarding the long-term financial sustainability of the AIDS program, considering the increasing number of |
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Patients in treatment. 'Thirty Years of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Argentina: An Assessment of the National Health Response' delves into the combination of factors that make Argentina a success story in combating HIV/AIDS |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references |
| Notes |
English |
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Print version record and CIP data provided by publisher |
| Subject |
AIDS (Disease) -- Argentina -- Epidemiology
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HIV infections -- Argentina
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Slow virus diseases.
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Immunologic diseases.
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Diseases.
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HIV infections.
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Sexually transmitted diseases.
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Virus diseases.
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Immunological deficiency syndromes.
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Lentivirus infections.
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Retrovirus infections.
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AIDS (Disease)
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Slow Virus Diseases
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Immune System Diseases
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Disease
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HIV Infections
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Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral
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Sexually Transmitted Diseases
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Virus Diseases
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Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
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Lentivirus Infections
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Retroviridae Infections
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RNA Virus Infections
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
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disease.
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illness.
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POLITICAL SCIENCE -- Public Policy -- Social Security.
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POLITICAL SCIENCE -- Public Policy -- Social Services & Welfare.
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Virus diseases
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Slow virus diseases
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Sexually transmitted diseases
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Retrovirus infections
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Lentivirus infections
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Immunological deficiency syndromes
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Immunologic diseases
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Diseases
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AIDS (Disease)
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AIDS (Disease) -- Epidemiology
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HIV infections
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Argentina
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| Author |
Lavadenz, Fernando
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Pantanali, Carla
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Zeballos, Eliana
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| LC no. |
2015013872 |
| ISBN |
9781464805974 |
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1464805970 |
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9781464805967 |
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1464805962 |
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