A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmacological effect is as a central nervous system stimulant, increasing alertness and producing agitation. It also relaxes SMOOTH MUSCLE, stimulates CARDIAC MUSCLE, stimulates DIURESIS, and appears to be useful in the treatment of some types of headache. Several cellular actions of caffeine have been observed, but it is not entirely clear how each contributes to its pharmacological profile. Among the most important are inhibition of cyclic nucleotide PHOSPHODIESTERASES, antagonism of ADENOSINE RECEPTORS, and modulation of intracellular calcium handling
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Dury, Andrew, : Dury and Andrews' map of Hertfordshire : society and landscape in the eighteenth century / Andrew Macnair, Anne Rowe and Tom Williamson
2016
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Duryea automobile : Carriages without horses : J. Frank Duryea and the birth of the American automobile industry / Richard P. Scharchburg
1993
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Duryea automobile -- History : Carriages without horses : J. Frank Duryea and the birth of the American automobile industry / Richard P. Scharchburg
1993
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Duryea, Charles E., 1861-1938. : Carriages without horses : J. Frank Duryea and the birth of the American automobile industry / Richard P. Scharchburg
Duse, Eleonora, 1858-1924 -- Performances : Souvenirs : Eleonora Duse / Creative Arts Television ; produced and directed by James MacAllen ; writer, Stephan Chodorov
Dusinberre, William, 1930- -- Interviews : Africans in America. Part 4, Judgment day. Interview with William Dusinberre, professor of history, University of Warwick / [produced by WGBH]
Coetzee, J. M., 1940- Dusklands : Novels for students. Volume 21 : presenting analysis, context and criticism on commonly studied novels / Ira Mark Milne and Timothy Sisler, project editors ; foreword by Anne Devereaux Jordan
2005
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Dusky antechinus. : The ecology of three species of small mammals in subalpine habitat / Philippa L. Carron
Dussart, Bernard. : Studies on freshwater Copepoda : a volume in honour of Bernard Dussart / by Danielle Defaye, Eduardo Suárez-Morales and J. Carel von Vaupel Klein (editors) ; with Victor Alekseev, Frank Fiers, Diana M.P. Galassi, Giuseppe L. Pesce and Grace A. Wyngaard (advisory editors)