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Title Fire and Ice : conflict and drugs in Myanmar's Shan State
Published Brussels, Belgium : International Crisis Group, 2019

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Description 1 online resource (31 pages) : illustrations, maps
Series Crisis Group Asia report ; No 299
ICG Asia report ; No 299.
Contents Executive summary. -- I. Introduction. -- II. A long legacy. -- III. A new drug dynamic. A.A surge in production. B. Tip of the iceberg. -- IV. The links between drugs and conflict. A. Current conflict dynamics. B. The role of the drug trade in the conflict. C. Ethno-political clashes, anti-drug raids or bank heists? D. Why is there not more violence? -- V. Broader iimplications. A. The political economy. B. Geopolitics and the China factor. -- VI. What should be done? A.A complex policy challenge. B. Political and security aspects. C. Corruption. D. Harm reduction. -- VII. Conclusion. -- Appendices
Summary Myanmar's Shan State has been mired in conflict for decades and has long been a centre for illicit drug production - initially opium and heroin, then from the 1990s also yaba. Good infrastructure, proximity to precursor supplies from China and reliable security and impunity provided by pro-government militias and in rebel-held enclaves mean that it has now also become one of the main global centres of crystal meth production, exporting hundreds of thousands of kilos of the high-purity drug to regional markets each year. The scale of production and profit is now so vast that it likely dwarfs the formal sector of Shan State, and is at the centre of its political economy. This greatly complicates efforts to resolve the armed conflict and build a functional, licit economy in the state
Notes "8 January 2019"--Cover
Bibliography Includes bibliographical references
Notes Also available in Burmese
Online resource; title from PDF cover page (ICG, viewed January 13, 2019)
Subject Drug control -- Burma -- Shan State
Drug traffic -- Burma -- Shan State
Conflict management -- Burma -- Shan State
Conflict management.
Drug control.
Drug traffic.
Burma -- Shan State.
Form Electronic book
Author International Crisis Group, publisher.
Other Titles Conflict and drugs in Myanmar's Shan State