1. Designers in action -- Case study 1: making an urban place -- Case study 2: making a building from a formal type -- Case study 3: reconciling two large ideas -- Other accounts -- Observations and questions about the protocols -- 2. Procedural aspects of design thinking -- Some general characterisitics of design problems -- Early theoretical positions -- Staged-process models of problem solving -- The information processing theory of problem solving -- Heuristic reasoning and design "situations" -- Types of rules and constraints at work in design -- Aspects of design behavior -- Limitations of a procedural view -- 3. Normative positions that guide design thinking -- Normative positions -- Surface features and broad inclinations -- Further differentiating features -- Problems of substantiation -- Theory and practice -- 4. Architectural positions and their realms of inquiry -- Two realms of inquiry -- Architecture from a naturalistic interpretation of man and his world -- Architecture from a referential interpretation -- A convergence of issues