All you need to know to become an Austrian: naturalisation policy and citizenship testing in Austria / Bernhard Perchinig -- Citizenship tests in the Netherlands, Germany and the UK / Ricky Van Oers -- On trial in Denmark / Eva Ersbøll -- Integration measures in France: an evolving process between integration and migration issues / Yves Pascouau -- Integration tests in Germany: a communitarian approach? / Ines Michalowski -- Ethnic citizenship: can it be obtained and tested? / Judit Tóth -- Latvian integration policy: lost in translation / Kristine Kruma -- Language and integration requirements in Belgium: discordances between the Flemish policy of "inburgering" and the federal legislators' view(s) on the integration of newcomers and migrants / Marie-Claire Foblets and Zeynep Yanasmayan -- Mapping the redefinition of belonging in Europe / Ricky van Oers, Eva Ersbøll and Dora Kostakopoulou
Summary
Language and integration tests as a condition for naturalisation and various types of legal residence permits are topical issues in several European Member States. The introduction of the tests reflects a change in ideas on the relationship between legal status and integration. Since the introduction of the tests is a rather recent development, little is known of the effects of the formalised testing schemes. Whether the tests have in fact contributed to the integration of immigrants in the host society or whether they function as a mechanism for selection and exclusion is unknown. In this boo
