| Description |
1 online resource (355 pages) |
| Series |
Materials and Energy |
|
Materials and Energy
|
| Contents |
Perface; CONTENTS; Chapter 1 What is Biomass; 1. Introduction; 2. Drivers for Biomass; 3. Biomass Types; 4. Understanding Lignocellulosic Biomass; 4.1. Composition of lignocellulosic biomass; 4.2. Physical and chemical characteristics of lignocellulosic biomass; 4.2.1. Cellulose; 4.2.2. Hemicellulose; 4.2.3. Lignin; 4.2.4. Ash content and inorganic element profiles; 4.2.5. Extractive content; 4.2.6. Elemental composition; 4.2.7. Heating values; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 2 Biomass Recalcitrance and the Contributing Cell Wall Factors; 1. Introduction; 2. Structural Features |
|
3. Molecular Features3.1. Cellulose crystallinity; 3.2. Cellulose degree of polymerization; 3.3. Cellulose accessibility; 4. Chemical Features; 4.1. Lignin; 4.2. Hemicellulose; 4.3. Pectin; 4.4. Acetyl groups; References; Chapter 3 Reduction of Biomass Recalcitrance via Water/Acid Pretreatments; 1. Introduction; 2. Technical Process of DAP and HTP; 2.1. Dilute acid pretreatment; 2.2. Hydrothermal pretreatment; 3. Hemicelluloses Hydrolysis and Porosity during DAP and HTP; 4. Cellulose Crystallinity and Degree of Polymerization during DAP and HTP; 5. Lignin Behavior during DAP and HTP |
|
6. Pseudo-lignin Formation7. Conclusions and Outlook; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 4 Reduction of Biomass Recalcitrance via Organosolv Pretreatments; 1. Introduction; 2. Overview of Organosolv Pretreatment; 3. Mechanism of Organosolv Pretreatment for Reduction of Recalcitrance; 4. Cellulose Behavior during Organosolv Pretreatment; 5. Lignin Behavior during Organosolv Pretreatment; 6. Conclusions and Outlook; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 5 Reduction of Biomass Recalcitrance via Ionic Liquid Pretreatments; 1. Introduction; 1.1. What are ionic liquids? |
|
1.2. What biofuels are possible from IL pretreatments2. Biomass Solubility; 2.1. Solubility and stability of wood and wood biopolymers in ILs; 2.2. Solubility of wood in IL-based organic electrolytes; 3. IL-Aided Fractionation as a Pretreatment for Saccharification; 4. Tolerance of Enzymes/Microorganisms to IL Systems; 5. Ionic Liquid Recyclability and Recycling Strategies; 6. Challenges and Future Outlook; References; Chapter 6 Enzymatic Deconstruction of Lignocellulose to Fermentable Sugars; 1. Introduction; 2. Enzymatic System; 2.1. Cellulase enzyme system; 2.2. Hemicellulase enzyme system |
|
2.3. Lignin modifying enzymes2.4. Pectin degrading enzymes; 3. Cellulose Enzymatic Saccharification; 3.1. Enzyme behavior in hydrolysis; 3.2. Cellulase adsorption and desorption; 3.3. Carbohydrate-bonding modules; 3.4. Trichoderma reesei system; 4. Factors Influencing Lignocelluloses Enzymatic Hydrolysis; 4.1. Experimental conditions involved factors; 4.2. Substrate features involved factors; 4.3. Enzyme related factors; 5. Strategies to Enhance Enzymatic Hydrolysis; 5.1. Synergistic effects on enzymatic hydrolysis; 5.2. Additives and surfactants; 6. Conclusions and Outlook; Acknowledgments |
| Summary |
This invaluable book provides a broad and detailed introduction to the fascinating and hot research subject of transformation of biomass-related materials to biofuels. Biofuel production can be categorized into a variety of novel conversion and refinery development technologies. However, biomass recalcitrance is the biggest challenge blocking the way in biofuel conversion. This book provides an enlightening view of the frontiers in leading pretreatments, downstream enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation technology, corrosion issues in biofuel and merging biofuels technology into a pulp mill to pav |
| Bibliography |
References |
| Notes |
Print version record |
| Subject |
Biomass energy -- Materials
|
|
BUSINESS & ECONOMICS -- Real Estate -- General.
|
| Form |
Electronic book
|
| ISBN |
9789814513289 |
|
9814513288 |
|
