Title Computational methods for understanding bacterial and archaeal genomes / editors, Ying Xu, J. Peter Gogarten

Published London : Imperial College Press ; Hackensack, NJ : Distributed by World Scientific Publishing, ©2008

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Description 1 online resource (xix, 473 pages) : illustrations (some color) Series Series on advances in bioinformatics and computational biology, 1751-6404 ; v. 7 Series on advances in bioinformatics and computational biology ; v. 7. Contents Preface; CONTENTS; List of Contributors; Acknowledgments; 1. General Characteristics of Prokaryotic Genomes Jan Mr ́azek and Anne O. Summers; 1. Introduction; 1.1. The Replicon Concept and Classification of Replicons; 1.2. Physical Organization of Replicons in the Cell; 2. Overall Properties of Prokaryotic Chromosomes; 2.1. Size and Gene Content; 2.2. Why Are Prokaryotic Chromosomes Small?; 2.3. G+C Content; 2.4. Oligonucleotide Composition and Genome Signature; 2.5. Amino Acid Composition and Adaptation to Growth at High Temperatures; 3. Heterogeneity of Prokaryotic Chromosomes 3.1. Intrachromosomal Variance of Nucleotide and Oligonucleotide Composition3.2. Synonymous Codon Usage; 3.3. Identification of Genomic Islands and Lateral Gene Transfer Events; 3.4. G-C Skew; 4. Repeats in Prokaryotic Genomes; 4.1. Large Repeats and Duplications; 4.2. Transposons and Insertion Sequences; 4.3. Integrons; 4.4. Chimeric Mobile Elements: Conjugative Transposons, ICEs, Plasmid-Prophages, Transposon-Prophages, Genomic Islands, and Genetic Litter; 4.5. Retrons; 4.6. Short Dispersed Repeats; 4.7. Simple Sequence Repeats; 4.8. CRISPR Repeats; 5. Further Reading; Acknowledgments 2. Genes in Prokaryotic Genomes and Their Computational Prediction Rajeev K. Azad1. Introduction; 2. Inhomogeneous Markov Models; 2.1. The GeneMark Program; 3. Interpolated Markov Models; 3.1. The Glimmer Program; 3.2. Using Deleted Interpolation in Gene Prediction; 4. Hidden Markov Models; 4.1. The Forward-Backward Algorithm; 4.2. The Viterbi Algorithm; 4.3. HMM Training; 4.4. The ECOPARSE Program; 4.5. The GeneHacker Program; 4.6. HMM Versions of the GeneMark Program; 5. Fourier Transform Methods; 5.1. The GeneScan Program; 5.2. The Lengthen-Shu.e Program; 6. Self-Organizing Maps 6.1. The RescueNet Program7. Directed Acyclic Graphs; 7.1. The FrameD Program; 8. Linear Discriminant Function; 8.1. The ZCURVE Program; 9. Unsupervised Model Training: The Self-Learning Algorithms; 9.1. The GeneMark-Genesis Program; 9.2. The GeneMarkS Program; 9.3. The MED Program; 10. Using Similarity Search in Gene Prediction; 10.1. The ORPHEUS Program; 10.2. The CRITICA Program; 10.3. The BDGF Program; 10.4. The EasyGene Program; 10.5. The GISMO Program; 11. Gene Start Prediction; 12. Resolving Overlapping Genes; 13. Non-coding RNA Gene Prediction; 14. Assessing Gene Prediction Programs 15. Discussion16. Further Reading; Acknowledgments; 3. Evolution of the Genetic Code: Computational Methods and Inferences Greg Fournier; 1. Introduction; 1.1. The Amino Acids; 1.2. Codon Designations; 1.3. Transfer RNA; 1.4. Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases; 2. Major Methods and Algorithms: Variations of the Genetic Code; 2.1. Non-canonical Codes; 2.2. Selenocysteine; 2.3. Pyrrolysine; 2.4. The Sep System; 2.5. Asparagine and Glutamine; 2.6. Evolutionary Considerations; 2.7. Nanoarchaeal tRNA; 3. Major Methods and Algorithms: Models of Genetic Code Evolution; 3.1. Overview Summary Over 500 prokaryotic genomes have been sequenced to date, and thousands more have been planned for the next few years. While these genomic sequence data provide unprecedented opportunities for biologists to study the world of prokaryotes, they also raise extremely challenging issues such as how to decode the rich information encoded in these genomes. This comprehensive volume includes a collection of cohesively written chapters on prokaryotic genomes, their organization and evolution, the information they encode, and the computational approaches needed to derive such information. A comparative Bibliography Includes bibliographical references (pages 397-466) and index Notes Print version record Subject Microbial genetics -- Data processing -- Textbooks Bacterial genomes -- Data processing -- Textbooks Prokaryotes -- Textbooks Computational biology -- Textbooks Bacterial genomes. Microbial genetics. Genome, Bacterial Genome, Archaeal Genetics, Microbial Computational Biology -- methods SCIENCE -- Life Sciences -- Genetics & Genomics. Microbial genetics Bacterial genomes Computational biology Prokaryotes Biochemistry. Computer science. Genetics (non-medical) Science. Genre/Form Textbooks Form Electronic book Author Xu, Ying, 1960- Gogarten, J. Peter ISBN 9781860949838 1860949835

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