Low Back Disorders -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- FOREWORD -- 1. THE CURRENT CONCERN WITH THE LOW BACK -- DIAGNOSIS -- SYMPTOMS RELATED TO THE LOW BACK -- SPECIFIC TISSUE OF THE LOW BACK: SITES OF NOCICEPTION -- The Intervertebral Disc -- FACTORS OF EXAMINATION TO DETERMINE THE PATHOANATOMIC BASIS OF SYMPTOMS -- TISSUE SITES OF PAIN AND IMPAIRMENT -- THE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC -- SPINAL INSTABILITY -- RADICULAR SYMPTOMS AND FINDINGS -- CONFIRMATORY TESTS -- MYOGENIC LOW BACK PAIN -- TENSION MYOSITIS SYNDROME -- FACET ETIOLOGY OF LOW BACK PAIN -- SPINAL STENOSIS
NEUROLOGIC DETERMINATION OF NERVE ROOT INVOLVEMENTCLINICAL MEASUREMENT OF MUSCLE FUNCTION -- TEST OF AN INCREASE IN INTRATHECAL PRESSURE -- The Milgram Test -- The Naffziger Test -- The Valsalva Maneuver -- The Kernig Test -- ELECTROMYOGRAPHY -- DISCOGRAPHY -- SUMMARY -- 2. THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN -- THE LUMBOSACRAL SPINE -- COMPONENTS OF THE LIGAMENTOUS SPINE -- THE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC -- COLLAGEN FIBERS -- POSTERIOR SPINAL ELEMENTS -- THE ZYGAPOPHYSEAL JOINTS: THE FACETS -- LIGAMENTS IN SPINAL FUNCTION -- MUSCULAR SYSTEM OF THE LOW BACK
THE STATIC SPINESTABILITY OF THE STATIC SPINE -- THE KINETIC LUMBAR SPINE AND THE LUMBAR-PELVIC RHYTHM -- PREPARATORY TRUNK MOTIONS -- Radiculopathy -- 3. THE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC -- COLLAGENOUS PLATES -- NUCLEAR MATERIAL CAUSING NOCICEPTION -- CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF DISC DISEASE -- SUMMARY -- 4. THE ROLE OF THE FACETS IN LOW BACK PAIN -- FACET JOINT INNERVATION -- DEGENERATIVE FACET DISEASE -- CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF FACET DISEASE -- 5. MUSCULAR CONTROL OF THE LOW BACK -- SPASM -- MYOGENIC PAIN -- FATIGUE -- MYALGIA -- CONCLUSION
6. MISCELLANEOUS ABNORMAL CONDITIONS OF THE LOW BACKSPONDYLOLYSIS AND SPONDYLOLISTHESIS -- TYPES OF MECHANICAL LISTHESIS -- SYMPTOMS OF SPONDYLOLISTHESIS -- Treatment -- SPINAL STENOSIS -- SCOLIOSIS -- PIRIFORMIS SYNDROME -- SACROILIAC DISEASE -- Treatment -- SACRO-ILIAC PATHOLOGY SECONDARY TO A PELVIC FRACTURE -- SACRALIZATION OF A TRANSVERSE PROCESS -- 7. TREATMENT PROTOCOLS FOR LOW BACK DISORDERS -- MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE SYMPTOMS OF LOW BACK DISORDERS -- Addressing Acute Pain -- STEROIDS AND NONSTEROIDAL MEDICATIONS -- Epidural Steroids
PHYSICAL MODALITIES FOR TREATMENT OF LOW BACK PAINBed Rest -- Cryotherapy -- Therapeutic Heat -- Manipulation -- Traction -- EXERCISE IN THE TREATMENT OF LOW BACK DISORDERS TO REGAIN SPINAL STABILITY -- Recruitment of Muscles in Spinal Stability -- Specific Exercise Protocols -- Flexibility -- Strengthening Exercises -- Back School -- Intermittent Rest Periods -- PSYCHOLOGIC ASPECTS OF LOW BACK DISORDERS -- CONCLUSION -- BIOLOGIC TREATMENT OF SCIATICA -- SUBJECT INDEX
