Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- References -- 2 Genesis and Characteristics of Coal and Biomass Ash -- 2.1 Generation of Coal Combustion Residues -- 2.2 Generation of Biomass Ash -- 2.3 Characterization of Coal and Biomass Ash -- 2.3.1 Particle Size Distribution -- 2.3.2 Surface Area and Porosity -- 2.3.3 Major Oxide Composition of Ash Samples -- 2.3.4 Unburnt Carbon -- 2.4 Micro-morphology of Fly Ash -- References -- 3 Utilization of Coal and Biomass Ash -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Agriculture and Forestry -- 3.2.1 Impact of Ash on Soil Physical Properties of Soil
3.2.2 Impact of Ash on Chemical Properties of Soil -- 3.2.3 Impact of Ash on Biological Properties of Soil -- 3.2.4 Impact of Fly Ash on Plant-Growth and Plant-Yield -- 3.3 Utilization of Fly Ash in Cement and Concrete -- 3.3.1 High Volume Fly Ash Concrete -- 3.3.2 Roller-Compacted Concrete -- 3.3.3 Self-compacting Concrete -- 3.3.4 Use of Biomass Ash in Concrete -- 3.3.5 Advantage of Using Fly Ash in Concrete -- 3.3.6 Disadvantages of Using Fly Ash in Concrete -- 3.4 Bricks, Blocks, and Lightweight Aggregates -- 3.4.1 Bricks -- 3.4.2 Block -- 3.4.3 Lightweight Aggregates -- 3.5 Ceramic Products
3.6 Road Construction -- 3.7 Mine Backfilling -- 3.8 Extraction of Value-Added Materials -- 3.8.1 Cenosphere -- 3.8.2 Unburnt Carbon -- 3.8.3 Extraction of Rare Earth Elements -- 3.8.4 Aerogels -- 3.8.5 Zeolite -- 3.9 Niche Areas of Ash Utilization -- 3.9.1 Catalyst -- 3.9.2 Adsorption of Toxic Elements and Organic Compounds -- 3.9.3 Fertilizer from Ash -- 3.9.4 Carbon Sequestration -- References -- 4 Environmental Effects of Coal and Biomass Ash Generation -- 4.1 Toxic Components in Ash -- 4.1.1 Organic Pollutants -- 4.1.2 Inorganic Pollutants -- 4.1.3 Human Health Hazards
4.2 Leaching Studies -- 4.3 Chemical Speciation and Weathering -- 4.4 Toxic Substance in Products Prepared from Ash -- 4.5 Abatement of Ash Toxicity -- References -- 5 Conclusions
Summary
This is a concise book with comprehensive information on coal and biomass ash generated from their combustion in thermal power plants. It presents detailed studies on ash generated from contrasting coal and biomass feedstocks, and provides a comparative evaluation of these different ashes in terms of their origin, properties, environmental hazards. Potential utilizations with specific advantages and disadvantages of the respective ashes are elaborated in detail, including some innovative means of ash utilization for value addition purposes. By addressing both the theory and commercial exploitation of these products, this book will be helpful for industrialists, academicians and researchers alike
