Title Liberating the liberated : early Śaiva tantric death rites / Nina Mirnig

Published Vienna : Austrian Academy of Sciences, [2018]

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Description 1 online resource Series Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften : Philosophisch-Historische Klasse, Sitzungsberichte ; 894. Band Beiträge zur Kultur- und Geistesgeschichte Asiens ; Nr. 96 Sitzungsberichte (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-Historische Klasse) ; 894. Bd. Beiträge zur Kultur- und Geistesgeschichte Asiens ; Nr. 96. Contents Preface -- Introduction : On Śaiva Tantric Death Rites in the Early Medieval Religio-historical Context -- Preliminary remarks -- Śaiva communities in the early medieval period -- Śaiva mainstream devotion -- Śaiva initiatory traditions : From the cremation ground to the public sphere -- Methodological limitations when reconstructing the social reality of Śaiva initiate communities -- The early Siddhānta literature under consideration -- Doctrinal and Structural Premises for Śaiva Tantric Funerary Practices -- The conundrum of Śaiva death rites : liberating the already liberated -- Śaiva funerary rites : A tantric Upgrade of the brahmanical model -- Brahmanical death rites : A brief overview -- The Śaiva Upgrade : (Re- )initiating the dead -- Theoretical problems in terms of Śaiva doctrines -- Conclusion : Ascetic values in the householder context -- The Emergence and Formation of Śaiva antyeṣṭi in the Earliest Extant Śaiva Siddhānta Scriptures -- Preliminary remarks : Three stages in the development of Śaiva funerary rites -- The Guhyasūtra : A brief reference to antyeṣṭi in the last book of the Niśvāsatattvasaṃhitā -- The Svāmbhuvasūtrasaṃgraha : Simple cremation -- The monastic context -- The lokamārgastha : Adherence to the brahmanical order -- Yogic suicide (utkrānti) -- The Sārdhatriśatikālottara : An intermediary stage towards initiatory cremation -- Full initiatory cremation : the Sarvajñānottara, Kiraṇatantra and Dīkṣottara -- The Sārvajñānottara : Initiatory cremation -- The mṛtadīkṣā : Cremation of an effigy -- Some remarks on the position of the Sarvajñānottara in the development of Śaiva tantric funerary rites -- The Kiraṇatantra : A high degree of integration into the brahmanical mainstream -- The Dīkṣottara : Cremation defined as prāyaścitta for Śaiva initiates -- Nyāsadīkṣā : A ritual to remove the subtle body (puryaṣṭaka) -- Burial in the Saiddhāntika scripture Matangapārameśvara : Connections with the Atimārga -- Conclusion : Gradual increase of doctrinal justification -- Śaiva Cremation in Early Saiddhāntika Ritual Manuals -- Introduction -- Brahmaśambhu's Naimittikakriyānusandhāna -- Cremation rituals according to Brahmaśambhu -- Posthumous initiation of a deceased samayin -- Funerary practices for those who die in the maṭha -- The Somaśambhupaddhati -- Initiatory cremation as a privilege of full initiates -- The scope of Somaśambhu's antyeṣṭi -- The Naṭarājapaddhati -- The Jñānaratnāvalī -- Types of cremation and their beneficiaries -- Initiatory cremation -- Cremation of an effigy: mṛtadīkṣā -- Simple cremation -- Cremation in the case of inauspicious death -- A wide range of rituals -- The Kriyākramadyotikā -- The three-level cremation model -- Doctrinal justification -- Range of clientele and ritual agents -- Particulars of procedure before and after those specific to the initiatory level -- Special cremation rites -- The Cremation Ritual -- Preliminary remarks -- The officiant and other people involved in death rituals -- Other people involved in the ritual -- Ritual procedures : An outline -- Preparation of the corpse before the funeral procession -- The funeral procession -- The building of the cremation site -- Ritual preparations -- The Śiva fire (agnikārya), the vāstumaṇḍala and the funeral pyre (citā/citi) -- The preparation of the corpse at the site -- The funerary initiation of the dead -- Lighting the funeral pyre -- Departure from the cremation grounds and the purificatory rites at the waterside -- The gathering and disposing of the bones -- Death pollution -- Death pollution in the brahmanical context : A brief overview -- Death pollution : The Śaiva context -- Shunning the impure : The Somaśambhupaddhati -- Disposal of property -- Ancestor Worship in Early Śaiva Siddhānta -- Introduction -- Śrāddha in its original brahmanical context -- Overview of brahmanical śrāddha rituals according to the YājS -- Pārvaṇaśrāddha -- Ekoddiṣṭaśrāddha and sapiṇḍīkaraṇa -- Śrāddha for female ancestors -- Rationalizing śrāddha in Śaiva tantric terms -- Śaiva śrāddha : On the ritual procedure -- The period between death and the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa -- Śrāddha rites in the Jñānaratnāvalī : an account from the BK -- Śrāddha in the Kriyākramadyotikā -- Beyond the initiate Community : The Kiraṇa's rudraśrāddha and laukikaśrāddha -- The Kiraṇa's model in the Somaśambhupaddhati and the Kriyākramadyotikā -- How to choose the appropriate śrāddha level? Some practical considerations -- Conclusion -- Sanskrit Texts -- Conventions -- List of signs -- Svāyambhuvasūtrasaṃgraha 22.9-20 -- Sarvajñānottara 12 -- Sarvajñānottara 13 -- Kiraṇa 60 -- Kiraṇa 61 -- Jñānaratnāvalī Antyeṣṭiprakaraṇa -- Jñānaratnāvalī Śrāddhaprakaraṇa -- Translations -- Conventions -- Svāyambhuvasūtrasaṃgraha 22.9-20 -- Sarvajñānottara 12 -- Sarvajñānottara 13 -- Kiraṇa 60 -- Kiraṇa 61 -- Jñānaratnāvalī Antyeṣṭiprakaraṇa -- Jñānaratnāvalī Śrāddhaprakaraṇa -- Bibliography -- Abbreviations -- Primary Sources -- Secondary Sources -- Index Summary This volume examines the formation and development of Saiva tantric funerary practices (antye??i) and rituals of post-mortem ancestor worship (?r?ddha) as preserved in the earliest extant strata of textual sources. These tantric scriptures and ritual manuals of the Saiva Siddhanta cover a period from about the 5th to the 12th century CE. A close analysis of individual texts shows how the incorporation of death rites into the tantric repertoire was directly linked to the tradition?s development from once focused on private worship and limited to ascetics living outside society to a dominant religion throughout the Indic world. A focal point of the study is how, in this process, Saiva ritual specialists catered to initiates who were established in the brahmanical householder society, with their death rites essentially coming to serve as the model for Saiva equivalents. To make these rites more meaningful in terms of Saiva doctrine, cremation and post-mortem ancestor worship were redefined as a means for liberating the deceased person?s soul, this through its funerary initiation and subsequent worship in manifestations of increasingly potent forms of Siva Bibliography Includes bibliographical references and index Notes Appendix includes Sanskrit texts and English translations of Sanskrit texts Subject Hindu funeral rites and ceremonies -- History -- To 1500 Śaiva Siddhānta -- Rituals -- Texts -- Early works to 1800 Śaiva Siddhānta -- Customs and practices -- History -- To 1500 Śaivism -- Rituals -- Texts -- Early works to 1800 Śaivism -- Customs and practices -- History -- To 1500 Cremation -- Religious aspects -- Hinduism. Śrāddha (Hindu rite) Ancestor worship -- Hinduism -- History -- To 1500 Śraddhā. RELIGION -- Hinduism -- General. Śraddhā Ancestor worship -- Hinduism Cremation -- Religious aspects -- Hinduism Hindu funeral rites and ceremonies Śrāddha (Hindu rite) Genre/Form Early works History Form Electronic book ISBN 9783700184751 3700184751 3700183313 9783700183310

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