Title RethinkHIV : Smarter Ways to Invest in Ending HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa

Published Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2012

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Description 1 online resource (388 pages) Contents Cover; RethinkHIV; Title; Copyright; Contents; Figures; Tables; Contributors; Acknowledgements; Abbreviations and acronyms; Foreword; Introduction; PART I The research; CHAPTER 1 Sexual transmission of HIV; The current debate about preventing HIV infections through sexual relations; Assessing the evidence about the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions; RethinkHIV: Possible solutions for the prevention of HIV infections through sexual relations; Male circumcision (MC); HIV testing and counseling (HTC); Information campaigns through mass media and peer groups (IC) Benefit-cost analyses for policy interventions: some general considerationsAdditional specific assumptions necessary for the estimates for the three solutions and benefit to cost ratios and cost-effectiveness estimates; Summary of procedures underlying our estimated benefit to cost ratios; Additional specific assumptions for each of the three solutions; Benefit to cost ratios for interventions that reduce HIV infections through sexual interactions; Cost-effectiveness estimates for interventions that reduce HIV infections through sexual interactions Application to selected high- and medium-prevalence countriesConclusions; 1.1 Sexual transmission of HIV; The need for more and better impact evaluations of HIV/AIDS prevention interventions; Considering potential behavioral responses to prevention interventions; The importance of measuring efficiency of prevention intervention at scale; Considering more targeted approaches; New solutions for the prevention of sexual transmission of HIV might offer new perspectives; Treatment for prevention; Pre-exposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention; Conditional cash transfers Rationale for applying conditional cash transfers to HIV preventionCurrent evidence on applying conditional cash transfers to HIV prevention; Conclusions; References; 1.2 Sexual transmission of HIV; The assessment paper; Male circumcision (MC); HIV testing and counseling (HTC); Information campaigns through mass media and peer groups (IC); Findings; How should we assess success: the role of RCTs; The underlying assumptions for critiquing the paper; The scale of the epidemic; Modes of transmission; Basics of sexually transmitted HIV prevention; The assessment paper critique; Male circumcision HIV counseling and testing and treatment as preventionInformation campaigns and mass media; What is missing and what might come in the future; What policy recommendations can come out of this work?; References; CHAPTER 2 Prevention of non-sexual transmission of HIV; Methodology; Calculating benefits; Modeling HIV infections averted; AIDS Impact Model in Spectrum; Goals model (and Goals Express); Results; Safe medical injections; Target population; Coverage; Unit cost; Transmission probability; Safe blood transfusions; Target population; Coverage; Unit cost; Transmission probability Summary A timely thought-provoking book, which examines the first-ever comparative cost-benefit analysis of responses to HIV/AIDS in Africa Bibliography Includes bibliographical references and index Notes English Print version record SUBJECT RethinkHIV (Project) Subject AIDS (Disease) -- Africa, Sub-Saharan -- Prevention HIV infections -- Africa, Sub-Saharan -- Prevention AIDS (Disease) -- Africa, Sub-Saharan -- economics Cost effectiveness. HIV infections -- Africa, Sub-Saharan -- economics Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- prevention & control HIV Infections -- prevention & control Cost-Benefit Analysis HIV Infections -- economics Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- economics cost benefit analysis. AIDS (Disease) -- Prevention Cost effectiveness HIV infections -- Prevention SUBJECT Africa, Sub-Saharan. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85001667 Africa South of the Sahara Subject Sub-Saharan Africa Form Electronic book LC no. 2012021834 ISBN 9781139571210 1139571214 9781139572965 1139572962 1107028698 9781107028692 9781283716352 1283716356 110767932X 9781107679320 9781139236805 1139236806 1316090272 9781316090275 1139579789 9781139579780 1139569406 9781139569408 1139573667 9781139573665 1139570307 9781139570305

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