| Description |
xviii, 179 pages : illustrations (some color), maps ; 25 cm |
| Series |
Advances in geophysical and environmental mechanics and mathematics |
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Advances in geophysical and environmental mechanics and mathematics.
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| Contents |
Machine generated contents note: 1.1.Goals of these Notes -- 1.2.The Climate System -- 1.2.1.Components of the Climate System -- 1.2.2.Global Radiation Balance of the Climate System -- 1.3.Purpose and Limitations of Climate Modelling -- 1.4.Historical Development -- 1.5.Some Current Examples in Climate Modelling -- 1.5.1.Simulation of the Twentieth Century with the Goal to Quantify the Link Between Increases in Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations and Changes in Temperature -- 1.5.2.Decrease in Arctic Sea Ice Cover Since Around 1960 -- 1.5.3.Summer Temperatures in Europe Towards the End of the Twenty-First Century -- 1.5.4.CO2 Emissions Permitted for Prescribed Atmospheric Concentration Paths I -- 1.5.5.Prediction of the Weak El Niño of 2002/2003 -- 1.6.Conclusions -- 2.1.Hierarchy of Physical Climate Models -- 2.2.Point Model of the Radiation Balance -- 2.3.Numerical Solution of an Ordinary Differential Equation of First Order -- 2.4.Climate Sensitivity and Feedbacks -- |
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Contents note continued: 2.4.1.Ice-Albedo Feedback -- 2.4.2.Water Vapour Feedback -- 2.4.3.Cloud Feedback -- 2.4.4.Lapse Rate Feedback -- 2.4.5.Summary and Conclusion Regarding Feedbacks -- 3.1.Diffusion -- 3.2.Advection -- 3.3.Advection-Diffusion Equation and Continuity Equation -- 3.4.Describing Small- and Large-Scale Motions -- 3.5.Solution of the Advection Equation -- 3.5.1.Analytical Solution -- 3.5.2.Numerical Solution -- 3.5.3.Numerical Stability, CFL Criterion -- 3.6.Further Methods for the Solution of the Advection Equation -- 3.6.1.Euler Forward in Time, Centered in Space (FTCS) -- 3.6.2.Euler Forward in Time, Upstream in Space (FTUS) -- 3.6.3.Implicit Scheme -- 3.6.4.Lax Scheme -- 3.6.5.Lax[-]Wendroff Scheme -- 3.7.Numerical Solution of the Advection-Diffusion Equation -- 3.8.Numerical Diffusion -- 4.1.Basics -- 4.2.Heat Transport in the Atmosphere -- 4.3.Meridional Energy Balance Model -- 4.4.Heat Transport in the Ocean -- 5.1.Basics -- |
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Contents note continued: 5.2.Direct Numerical Solution of Poisson's Equation -- 5.3.Iterative Methods -- 5.3.1.Methods of Relaxation -- 5.3.2.Method of Successive Overrelaxation (SOR) -- 6.1.Material Derivative -- 6.2.Equation of Motion -- 6.3.Continuity Equation -- 6.4.Special Case: Shallow Water Equations -- 6.5.Different Types of Grids in Climate Models -- 6.6.Spectral Models -- 6.7.Wind-Driven Flow in the Ocean (Stommel Model) -- 6.7.1.Determination of the Stream Function -- 6.7.2.Determination of the Water Surface Elevation -- 6.8.Potential Vorticity: An Important Conserved Quantity -- 7.1.Zonal and Meridional Circulation -- 7.2.The Lorenz[-]Saltzman Model -- 8.1.Coupling of Physical Model Components -- 8.2.Thermal Boundary Conditions -- 8.3.Hydrological Boundary Conditions -- 8.4.Momentum Fluxes -- 8.5.Mixed Boundary Conditions -- 8.6.Coupled Models -- 9.1.Abrupt Climate Change Recorded in Polar Ice Cores -- 9.2.The Bipolar Seesaw -- |
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Contents note continued: 9.3.Multiple Equilibria in a Simple Atmosphere Model -- 9.4.Multiple Equilibria in a Simple Ocean Model -- 9.5.Multiple Equilibria in Coupled Models -- 9.6.Concluding Remarks |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references (pages 165-170) and index |
| Subject |
Climatology -- Simulation methods.
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Climatology -- Mathematical models.
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| LC no. |
2011929501 |
| ISBN |
9783642007729 hardback |
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3642007724 hardback |
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9783642007736 ebook |
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3642007732 ebook |
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