Cover; Half Title; Series Page; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; Table of Contents; List of illustrations; Preface; Introduction; 1 Understanding differences in punishment; 2 The production of cultural differences; 3 Two welfare states; 4 The introduction of modern penal arrangements; 5 Two welfare sanctions; 6 Punishment in the age of anxiety; Notes; Bibliography; Index
Summary
Why do some modern societies punish their offenders differently to others? Why are some more punitive and others more tolerant in their approach to offending and how can these differences be explained? Based on extensive historical analysis and fieldwork in the penal systems of England, Australia and New Zealand on the one hand and Finland, Norway and Sweden on the other, this book seeks to answer these questions. The book argues that the penal differences that currently exist between these two clusters of societies emanate from their early nineteenth-century social arrangemen
