| Description |
1 online resource (472 pages) : color illustrations |
| Contents |
Cover -- Copyright -- About the editors -- My (and others) most unforgettable character -- A tribute to Professor GvR Marais -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction to modelling of activated sludge processes -- 1.1 What is a model? -- 1.2 Modeling basics -- 1.2.1 Model building -- 1.2.2 General model set-up -- 1.2.3 Stoichiometry -- 1.2.4 Kinetics -- 1.2.5 Transport -- 1.2.6 The matrix notation -- 1.3 The stepwise development of biokinetic model: ASM 1 -- 1.4 ASM3 -- 1.5 The metabolic model -- 1.6 Other developments on metabolic modelling -- 1.7 Activated sludge model development history -- 1.8 Simulator environments -- 1.9 Introduction to general modeling protocols -- 1.9.1 The inception phase -- 1.9.2 The initial model construction -- 1.9.3 Data acquisition and evaluation -- 1.9.4 The model simulation and calibration phase -- 1.9.5 The model retrofit and validation -- 1.9.6 The operational plant assessment -- 1.9.7 The model scenarios -- 1.10 The STOWA protocol -- 1.11 Influent characterization guidelines -- 1.12 Model calibration -- 1.13 The stepwise data approach to data acquisition -- 1.14 Measurements planning -- 1.15 Standards for project presentations -- 1.16 Errors and inconsistent information -- 1.17 Model accuracy -- 1.18 Modeling and modern wastewater management -- 1.19 Conclusions -- References -- Nomenclature -- Annex 1.1 Combined ASM2 and TUDP model -- Chapter 2: WWTP Holten, the Netherlands: Model development and full-scale testing -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Model kinetics and stoichiometry -- 2.2 Process description of WWTP Holten -- 2.3 Sensitivity analysis -- 2.3.1 Sludge production -- 2.3.2 Concentrations -- 2.3.3 Set-up of hydraulic model -- 2.4 Calibration and validation -- 2.4.1 Performance -- 2.4.2 Calibration -- 2.4.3 Validation -- 2.5 Discussion -- 2.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References |
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Chapter 3: WWTP Haarlem Waarderpolder, the Netherlands: Model Evaluation of a full-scale bio-P side-stream process -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Materials and methods -- 3.2.1 Configuration of WWTP Haarlem Waarderpolder -- 3.2.1.1 Conventional anoxic-aerobic activated sludge treatment -- 3.2.1.2 Phosphorus selection and precipitation line -- 3.2.1.3 Sludge treatment line -- 3.2.2 Influent characterization -- 3.2.3 Batch experiments -- 3.2.3.1 Anaerobic phosphorus release -- 3.2.3.2 Aerobic phosphorus uptake -- 3.2.3.3 Anoxic phosphorus uptake -- 3.2.3.4 Fraction of denitrifying activity of PAO -- 3.2.3.5 Nitrification -- 3.2.3.6 Denitrification -- 3.2.3.7 Endogenous phosphorus release -- 3.2.4 Sampling program and analytical methods -- 3.2.5 Modeling tools -- 3.2.6 Modeling strategy -- 3.3 Results -- 3.3.1 Sampling program -- 3.3.2 Influent and sludge characterization -- 3.3.3 Hydraulic set-up of the plant model -- 3.3.4 Model calibration -- 3.3.4.1 Calibration procedure -- 3.3.5 Model evaluation -- 3.3.5.1 Maximal anaerobic phosphate release -- 3.3.5.2 Aerobic and anoxic phosphate uptake -- 3.3.5.3 Nitrification -- 3.3.5.4 Denitrification -- 3.3.5.5 Endogenous phosphorus release -- 3.3.6 Alternative EBPR process configurations -- 3.3.6.1 Alternatives 1a and 1b: A/O system configuration -- 3.3.6.2 Alternatives 2a and 2b: modified UCT system configuration -- 3.3.6.3 Alternative 3a and 3b: BCFS system configuration -- 3.4 Discussion -- 3.4.1 Influent characterization -- 3.4.2 Model calibration -- 3.4.3 Operational aspects -- 3.4.4 Practical aspects -- 3.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Annex 3.1: Influent characterization procedure according to Dutch guidelines (STOWA, 1996) -- Annex 3.2: Results of the sampling program and data collected by the plant staff (April 1997) |
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Annex 3.3: Process configurations schemes of the WWTP Haarlem Waarderpolder -- Chapter 4: WWTP Katwoude, the Netherlands: Development of wastewater treatment data verification techniques -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 WWTP Katwoude -- 4.2.1 Process description -- 4.2.2 Measurements -- 4.2.3 The process model -- 4.2.4 Introducing Macrobal -- 4.3 Error detection and data reconciliation -- 4.3.1 Estimation of the SRT -- 4.3.2 Balancing operational data -- 4.4 Model calibration and simulation -- 4.4.1 Fitting the sludge production -- 4.4.2 Calibrating nitrification, denitrification and EBPR -- 4.5. Discussion -- 4.5.1 Balancing conserved compounds -- 4.5.2 Calibrating EBPR -- 4.5.3 Calibrating N fractions -- 4.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5: WWTP Hardenberg, the Netherlands: Modelling full-scale start-up of the BCFS® process -- Part 1: Modelling regular operation of WWTP Hardenberg -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Materials and methods -- 5.2.1 WWTP Hardenberg -- 5.2.2 Measurements -- 5.2.3 The WWTP Hardenberg model -- 5.2.4 Model adjustments -- 5.2.5 Influent characterisation -- 5.3 Data evaluation -- 5.3.1 Initial simulation -- 5.3.2 Evaluation of the SRT -- 5.3.3 Evaluation of recycle flow A -- 5.3.4 Evaluation of recycle flow B -- 5.4 Model calibration -- 5.4.1 Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification -- 5.5 Discussion -- 5.5.1 Fitting models on faulty data -- 5.5.2 Sensitivity analysis -- 5.5.3 A heuristic calibration approach -- 5.5.4 The calibration procedure -- 5.5.5 Balancing solids -- 5.5.6 Calibrating KO -- 5.5.7 The COD and N balance -- 5.6 Conclusions on the modelling of regular plant operation -- Part 2: Modelling start-up of WWTP Hardenberg -- 5.7 Introduction -- 5.8 Materials and methods -- 5.8.1 The start-up procedure -- 5.8.2 Recording the original WWTP -- 5.8.3 Measuring the start-up -- 5.8.4 Models |
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5.8.4.1 Model of the old WWTP -- 5.8.4.2 Model of the new WWTP -- 5.8.5 Solids retention in the anaerobic reactor -- 5.8.6 Modelling temperature -- 5.9 Model calibration and simulation -- 5.9.1 Data evaluation -- 5.9.2 Calibrating the model of the old WWTP -- 5.9.3 Calibrating the start-up -- 5.10 Evaluation of the TUDP model -- 5.10.1 Sensitivity analysis -- 5.10.2 Calibrating EBPR -- 5.11 Discussion -- 5.11.1 Influent characterisation -- 5.11.2 Simulation of the old WWTP -- 5.11.3 Modelling chemical P precipitation -- 5.11.4 Modelling anaerobic solids retention time -- 5.11.5 Dynamic evaluation of operational conditions -- 5.11.6 Interpretation of the start-up dynamics -- 5.11.6.1 Glycogen kinetics -- 5.11.6.2 Modelling a maximum glycogen fraction -- 5.11.6.3 Model sensitivity towards the maximum glycogen fraction -- 5.11.6.4 Temperature effects -- 5.12 Conclusions on start-up simulations -- References -- Chapter 6: WWTP Shell Godorf, Germany Optimization of oil refinery wastewater treatment -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Materials and Methods -- 6.2.1 Wastewater treatment plant configuration -- 6.2.2 Influent characterization -- 6.2.3 Sampling campaign -- 6.2.4 Experimental program -- 6.3 Modeling tools -- 6.4 Calibration strategy -- 6.5 Results -- 6.5.1 Influent characterization -- 6.5.2 Sampling campaign -- 6.6 Experimental campaign -- 6.5.1 Nitrification test -- 6.5.2 Denitrification test -- 6.5.3 Hydraulic set-up of the plant model -- 6.5.4 Model calibration and simulation -- 6.5.5 Model validation -- 6.5.6 Performance evaluation -- 6.6 Process optimization -- 6.6.1 Scenario 1: Implementation of an idle phase -- 6.6.2 Scenario 2: Transforming B3 basin from aerobic to anoxic -- 6.6.3 Scenario 3: Combined pre- and post-denitrification with external methanol addition -- 6.7 Discussion -- 6.8 Conclusions -- References |
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Chapter 7: WWTP Walcheren, the Netherlands: Model-based evaluation of a novel upgrading concept for N removal -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Materials and methods -- 7.2.1 Walcheren wastewater treatment plant -- 7.2.2 Wastewater characterization -- 7.2.3 The BABE reactor -- 7.3 Results and discussion -- 7.3.1 Increasing the DO in the aeration tanks -- 7.3.2 Upgrading of the WWTP by the BABE concept -- 7.3.3 Modification of the WWTP Walcheren to meet the effluent requirements -- 7.3.4 Comparison of the upgrading strategies for the Walcheren WWTP -- 7.3.5 Use of modelling -- 7.4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 8: WWTP Anjana, India: Coupling models for integrated and plant wide modelling -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Materials and methods -- 8.2.1 WWTP Anjana -- 8.2.2 Sampling program and analytical methods -- 8.2.3 Wastewater and sludge characterization -- 8.2.4 Model building and ASM3-ADM1 coupling -- 8.2.5 ADM1-ASM3 coupling -- 8.2.6 Modelling strategy -- 8.2.7 Model calibration and validation -- 8.2.8 Scenarios evaluation for process upgrade and optimization -- 8.3 Results -- 8.3.1 Model calibration -- 8.3.2 Model validation -- 8.3.3 Model-based evaluation for process optimization and upgrade -- 8.3.4 Modelling the return of the filtrate stream -- 8.4 Discussion -- 8.4.1 Influent and sludge characterization -- 8.4.2 Model calibration -- 8.4.3 Model coupling -- 8.4.4 Plant performance assessment for current and future scenarios -- 8.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 9: WWTP Ecco, the Netherlands: Modelling nitrogen removal from tannery wastewater -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Materials and methods -- 9.2.1 Plant and process description -- 9.2 Measurements -- 9.3 Process model (selection and adjustment) -- 9.4 Influent measurement and characterization -- 9.5 Balancing operational data and measurements |
| Summary |
In 1982 the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control (IAWPRC), as it was then called, established a Task Group on Mathematical Modelling for Design and Operation of Activated Sludge Processes. The aim of the Task Group was to create a common platform that could be used for the future development of models for COD and N removal with a minimum of complexity. As the collaborative result of the work of several modelling groups, the Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1) was published in 1987, exactly 25 years ago. The ASM1 can be considered as the reference model, since this model triggered the general acceptance of wastewater treatment modelling, first in the research community and later on also in practice. ASM1 has become a reference for many scientific and practical projects, and has been implemented (in some cases with modifications) in most of the commercial software available for modelling and simulation of plants for N removal. The models have grown more complex over the years, from ASM1, including N removal processes, to ASM2 (and its variations) including P removal processes, and ASM3 that corrects the deficiencies of ASM1 and is based on a metabolic approach to modelling. So far, ASM1 is the most widely applied. Applications of Activated Sludge Models has been prepared in celebration of 25 years of ASM1 and in tribute to the activated sludge modelling pioneer, the late Professor G.v.R. Marrais. It consists of a dozen of practical applications for ASM models to model development, plant optimization, extension, upgrade, retrofit and troubleshooting, carried out by the members of the Delft modelling group over the last two decades |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references |
| Notes |
Online resource; title from PDF title page (EBSCO, viewed October 6, 2015) |
| Subject |
Marais, G. v. R. (Gerrit van Rooyen)
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Sewage sludge.
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Sewage -- Purification -- Activated sludge process.
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Sewage -- Purification -- Mathematical models
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Water treatment plant residuals.
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TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING -- Environmental -- General.
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Water treatment plant residuals
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Sewage -- Purification -- Activated sludge process
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Sewage -- Purification -- Mathematical models
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Sewage sludge
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| Author |
Meijer, Sebastiaan C. F., author
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López Vázquez, Carlos Manuel, 1976- author.
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Hooijmans, Christine M., author
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Loorsdrecht, Mark C. M. van, author
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| ISBN |
9781780404660 |
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1780404662 |
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