| Description |
1 online resource (xii, 326 pages) : illustrations |
| Contents |
1. General description of glasses and glass transition. 1.1. Metastability and disorder. Types of glasses. 1.2. Qualitative description of glass (liquid-to-glass) transition. 1.3. Kinetic and thermodynamic properties. 1.4. Slow relaxation processes -- 2. Models of glassy (topologically disordered) structures. 2.1. Characteristics of glassy structures. 2.2. Homogeneous (ideal) models. 2.3. Inhomogeneous (cluster) models -- 3. Some theoretical models of glass transition. 3.1. Vogel-Fulcher relation and "entropy crisis". 3.2. Role of configurational entropy, free-volume effects and "defects" diffusion. 3.3. Mode-coupling model: Dynamic liquid-glass transition -- 4. Kohlrausch-William-Watt (KWW) relaxation. 4.1. General features of slow relaxation processes. 4.2. Parallel-diffusion relaxation models. 4.3. Correlated, hierarchically constrained, relaxation models. 4.4. Concluding remarks -- 5. Origin of anomalous low-energy properties of glasses -- 6. Experimental background for anomalous low-energy atomic dynamics. 6.1. Very low temperatures and frequencies. 6.2. Moderately low temperatures and frequencies -- 7. Soft-mode model of low-energy atomic dynamics. 7.1. Atomic soft modes and related potentials. 7.2. Probability distribution densities. 7.3. Low-energy excitations: density of states and concentration. 7.4. Interaction of soft-mode excitations with acoustic phonons -- 8. Soft-mode excitations of very low and "intermediate" energies. 8.1. Soft-mode tunneling states (independent two-level systems). 8.2. Soft-mode excitations of "intermediate" energies -- 9. Tunneling states as very low energy limit case. 9.1. Standard tunneling model: independent two-level systems. 9.2. Advanced tunneling model: interacting two-level systems |
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10. Soft-mode excitations of moderately-low energies (boson peak). 10.1. Ioffe-Regel crossover for acoustic phonons as origin of boson peak. 10.2. Independent soft-mode vibrational excitations. 10.3. Total vibrational density of independent soft-mode states. 10.4. Generalization for interacting harmonic excitations. 10.5. Total vibrational density of states: dynamic properties. 10.6. Width (attenuation) of acoustic phonons. 10.7. Thermal vibrational properties of glasses -- 11. On universal and non-universal dynamic properties of glasses. 11.1. Very low temperatures and frequencies. 11.2. Moderately low temperatures and frequencies -- 12. Other models for glasses with high frequency sound. 12.1. Theoretical mode-coupling model. 12.2. Theoretical random-matrix model. 12.3. Comparison with the soft-mode model -- 13. Recent models for glasses with no high-frequency sound. 13.1. Boson peak: Ioffe-Regel crossover at elastic acoustic scattering. 13.2. Dynamic and thermal anomalies at elastic acoustic scattering. 13.3. Boson peak due to spatially random springs constants. 13.4. Nakayama model: boson peak vs strongly localised modes -- 14. Anomalous electron properties of semiconducting glasses. 14.1. Basic experimental data. 14.2. Negative-U centres: Anderson model. 14.3. Street-Mott and Kastner-Adler-Fritzsche models. 14.4. Qualitative analysis of negative-U centres -- 15. Soft-mode model of localized electron states in the glasses. 15.1. General considerations. 15.2. Model of negative-U centres: basic relations and approximations. 15.3. Adiabatic potentials and electron energy. 15.4. Basic features of self-trapped states and negative-U centres. 15.5. Density of states and thermal equilibrium properties. 15.6. Concluding remarks -- 16. Additional manifestations of soft modes in glasses. 16.1. Negative-U centres model of photostructural changes in semiconducting glasses. 16.2. Gap-light frequency dependence. 16.3. Temperature dependence -- 17. Summary, conclusions and problems |
| Summary |
The present book describes the fundamental features of glassy disordered systems at high temperatures (close to the liquid-to-glass transition) and for the first time in a book, the universal anomalous properties of glasses at low energies (i.e. temperatures/frequencies lower than the Debye values) are depicted. Several important theoretical models for both the glass formation and the universal anomalous properties of glasses are described and analyzed. The origin and main features of soft atomic-motion modes and their excitations, as well as their role in the anomalous properties, are considered in detail. It is shown particularly that the soft-mode model gives rise to a consistent description of the anomalous properties. Additional manifestations of the soft modes in glassy phenomena are described. Other models of the anomalous glassy properties can be considered as limit cases of the soft-mode model for either very low or moderately low temperatures/frequencies |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references (pages 315-324) and index |
| Subject |
Glass -- Analysis
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TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING -- Material Science.
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Glass -- Analysis
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| Author |
World Scientific (Firm)
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| ISBN |
9789814407489 |
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9814407488 |
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