| Description |
1 online resource (99 pages) |
| Series |
World Bank Studies |
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World Bank studies.
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| Contents |
Front Cover; Contents; Acknowledgments; About the Authors; Abbreviations; Executive Summary; Chapter 1Introduction; The Determinants of Earnings Levels; Chapter 2What Did We Know about the Determinants of Earnings and Earnings Growth in Ghana and Tanzania?; The Determinants of Earnings Growth; Evidence on Low-Pay Persistence and Scarring; Notes; Chapter 3Data and Descriptive Statistics; Ghana and Tanzania Urban Panel Surveys; Construction of Key Explanatory Variables; Tables; Table 3.1 Panel Retention Rates; Table 3.2 Correlation Coefficients between Skills Proxies; Descriptive Statistics |
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FiguresFigure 3.1 Occupational Categories; Figure 3.2 Average Education by Occupation; Figure 3.3a Mean Earnings by Occupation (Ghana); Figure 3.3b Mean Earnings by Occupation (Tanzania); Figure 3.4a Mean Earnings by Occupation and Gender (Ghana); Figure 3.4b Mean Earnings by Occupation and Gender (Tanzania); Figure 3.5a Mean Earnings by Occupation and Age (Ghana); Figure 3.5b Mean Earnings by Occupation and Age (Tanzania); Table 3.3 One-Year Transitions between Occupations; Table 3.4 Two-Year Transitions between Occupations; Table 3.5 Four-Year Transitions between Occupations (Ghana) |
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Figure 3.6a Average Earning Changes (%) by Type of Transition (Ghana)Figure 3.6b Average Earning Changes (%) by Type of Transit; Figure 3.7 One-Year Earnings Growth; Notes; Table 3.6 One-Year Transitions from Low to High Pay; Chapter 4The Determinants of Earnings Levels; Framework and Baseline Specification; Education Pays, and Pays More and More; Boxes; Box 4.1 Key Hypotheses and Main Findings; Table 4.1 Earnings Functions (OLS); Special Challenges for Youth and Women; Table 4.2 Earnings Functions-Controlling for Ability (OLS); Table 4.3 Earnings Functions by Age and Gender |
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Differences across SectorsTable 4.4 Earnings Functions by Occupation; Notes; Chapter 5The Determinants of Earnings Growth; Box 5.1 Key Hypotheses and Main Findings; Framework; Table 5.1 Determinants of One-Year Growth in Log Earnings; A Bird's Eye View of Earnings Growth in Ghana and Tanzania; Differences across Sectors; Table 5.2 Determinants of One-Year Growth in Log Earnings by Occupation; Notes; Chapter 6Low-Pay/High-Pay Transitions; Box 6.1 Key Hypotheses and Main Findings; Descriptive Statistics; Table 6.1a Raw Persistence in Ghana; Table 6.1b Raw Persistence in Tanzania |
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Econometric FrameworkResults; Table 6.2a Predicted Entry and Persistence Rates, and Mean and Median Predicted Time in High and Low Pay for Ghana, Bivariate; Table 6.2b Predicted Entry and Persistence Rates, and Mean and Median Predicted Time in High and Low Pay for Tanzania, Bivariate; Notes; Chapter 7Main Findings and Key Policy Implications; Message 1: Job Characteristics Are an Important Determinant of Both Earnings Levels and Earnings Growth; Message 2: Women and Youth Face Special Challenges |
| Summary |
Improving the returns to labor for low-paid workers is a key policy challenge, especially in low-income countries (LICs) where earnings increases are the single most important source of poverty reduction and an important engine of shared prosperity. Yet, the understanding of individual earnings dynamics remains limited. The small-but growing-body of empirical literature on the factors leading to larger and faster pay increases points to strong persistence in earnings over time. However, it remains unclear to what extent this is due to differences in individual endowments rather than to the fac |
| Notes |
Message 3: Skills Acquisition Is a Stepping Stone Toward Better Paying Jobs, at Least in Wage Employment, Especially for Women |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references |
| Notes |
Print version record |
| Subject |
Wages -- Ghana
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Wages -- Tanzania
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BUSINESS & ECONOMICS -- Industries -- General.
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BUSINESS & ECONOMICS -- Labor.
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POLITICAL SCIENCE -- Labor & Industrial Relations.
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Wages
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Ghana
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Tanzania
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| Author |
Kerr, Andrew (Andrew J. T.)
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Paci, Pierella, 1957-
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Rijkers, Bob.
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| ISBN |
9781464802096 |
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1464802092 |
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9781464802072 |
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1464802076 |
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