| Description |
1 online resource (456 pages) |
| Contents |
List of Contributors xv Preface xix 1 Weed Science Research: Past, Present and Future Perspectives 1 ; Robert J |
|
Competition 46 A First Application: Ideotyping of More Weed?]Suppressive Cultivars 50 A Second Application: Predicting the Impact of Climate Change on Weed Distribution 51 Conclusion 55 References 56 3 Approaches and Objectives of Arable Weed Species Mapping: Where Next? 61; Hansjörg Krähmer and Paolo Bàrberi Weed Species Mapping: Why? 61 Scientific Literature: State of the Art 62 Mapping Herbicide?]resistant Biotypes 63 Mapping Invasive Species 63 Weed Species Mapping: Who? 65 Weed Species Mapping: Where and What? 66 Maps of Weeds in European Arable Crops 66 Field?]Level Mapping 71 Weed Species Mapping: How? 72 Geo?]Referencing 72 Timing of Assessment 74 Sampling Parameters 74 Documentation and Maps 74 What to Conclude from Weed Mapping Data? 75 Weed Mapping: Where to Go? 76 Acknowledgements 80 References 80 |
|
4 Seed Biology and Population Dynamics 85; Kirsten S. Tørresen, Laila M |
|
Karlsson and Jose Luis Gonzalez?]Andujar Introduction 85 Seed Biology 86 Seed Production and Dispersal 86 Seed?]Bank 88 Germination and Dormancy 90 Germination 90 Dormancy 91 Sprouting from Vegetative Plant Parts 96 Predicting Seedling Emergence 97 Empirical Models 97 Mechanistic Models 97 Challenges in Predicting Emergence 98 Importance for Weed Control 99 Population Dynamics 100 Dynamics in Time and Space 100 Modelling 100 Non?]Spatial Models 101 Spatial Models 103 Practical Applications in Weed Science 103 Evaluation of Management Systems 103 Decision Support Systems 104 Challenges in Modelling Population Dynamics 104 Future Prospects 104 Conclusion 105 Acknowledgements 106 References 106 5 Weeds and Biodiversity 115 ; Bärbel Gerowitt, Paolo Bàrberi, Henri Darmency, |
|
Seed?]Based Food Webs on Farms and Management Options 127 Diversity of Weeds and Arable Management 129 Site Conditions of Arable Fields Filter for Weed Communities 129 Methods to Identify and Separate the Influence of Arable Site and Arable Management on Weed Diversity 130 Arable Management Determines Weed Diversity 131 Weed Diversity Versus Weed Abundance 131 Diversity in Weeds Facilitates Management Options 132 Diversity of Weeds in a Landscape Context 133 The Landscape Context of Weeds 133 Conducting Landscape?]Scale Weed Studies 134 Landscape Effects on Weed Biodiversity: Empirical Evidence 135 Biodiversity of Weeds and Public Interest 136 Field Margin Programmes 136 Encouraging Weed Diversity in Farming 136 Conclusions and Perspectives 137 References 138 6 Optimising Herbicide Performance 149; Per Kudsk Introduction 149 Herbicide |
|
Classification 150 Optimising Herbicide Performance: How to Study It 151 Biotic Factors 154 Weed Flora 154 Weed Growth Stage 156 Crop Competition 157 Abiotic Factors 158 Soil Texture 158 Climatic Conditions 159 Light 159 Temperature 160 Humidity 161 Precipitation 162 Soil moisture 163 Wind 164 Concluding Remarks 164 Application Technique 165 Adjuvants 166 Mixtures with Other Herbicides 168 Concluding Remarks and Future Challenges 170 References 172 7 Herbicide Resistance in Weeds 181; Stephen Moss Historical Perspective 181 What Is Herbicide Resistance? 182 The Worldwide Occurrence of Resistant Weeds 183 Herbicide Mode of Action and Risk of Resistance 185 Resistance Mechanisms 188 Target?]Site Resistance 188 PSII (Triazines) 189 ALS Inhibitors 190 ACCase |
| Notes |
Froud?]Williams Introduction 1 Factors Influencing the Weed Flora 2 Succession 2 Clean Seed 3 Rotation 3 Fallow 4 Cultivation 5 Straw Burning 5 Soil Amelioration, Drainage and Fertiliser Use 5 Nitrogen 6 Herbicides 6 Consequences of Changing Practices 9 Changing Weed Floras 9 Episodic Decline 13 Weed Spatial Distribution 13 History of Weed Science in the UK and Origins of the Weed Research Organisation 14 Origins of the European Weed Research Society 17 Weed Research (Journal): Origin of Papers and Discipline 18 Changing Attitudes to Weeds 18 Set?]Aside and Agri?]Environment 19 Weeds, |
|
Sandrine Petit, |
|
Jonathan Storkey and Paula Westerman Introduction 115 Arable Weeds in the Context of Biodiversity 116 Functional Biodiversity 116 Agronomic Services and Disservices Associated with Weeds 117 Genetic Diversity in Weeds 117 How to Measure Genetic Diversity 119 At Which Scale Can Genetic Diversity Be Described? 120 Why Is It Important to Understand Weed Genetic Diversity? 121 Rare Weed Species as Objects of Conservation 122 Drivers of Arable Weed Declines 123 The Rare Weed Trait Syndrome 124 Conserving Rare Weed Communities 124 Weeds in Food Chains of Arable Systems 124 Factors Influencing Seed?]Based Food Webs in Agroecosystems 126 Weed Seed Production 126 Within?]Season Temporal Variability 126 Between?]Season Temporal Variability 126 Spatial Variability 127 Seed Morphology and Chemistry 127 Weed Diversity 127 Current Status of |
|
Inhibitors 190 Other Herbicide Classes 191 Non?]Target?]Site Resistance 191 Reduced Herbicide Uptake 193 Reduced Herbicide Translocation 193 Enhanced Herbicide Metabolism 194 Evolution of Herbicide Resistance 194 Initial Frequency of the Resistance Trait and Size of Weed Population 195 Genetic Basis of Resistance 197 Selection Pressure 199 Frequency of Herbicide Use 199 Persistence of the Herbicide and Pattern of Weed Emergence 199 Intrinsic Activity of the Herbicide and Degree of Resistance Conferred by the Resistance Mechanism(s) 200 Specificity of the Herbicide: Number of Species the Herbicide Controls 201 Seed Bank in the Soil 201 & l |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Subject |
Weeds -- Research
|
|
TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING -- Agriculture -- General.
|
|
Weeds -- Research
|
| Form |
Electronic book
|
| Author |
Hatcher, Paul E., editor
|
|
Froud-Williams, Robert J., editor
|
| LC no. |
2017008976 |
| ISBN |
9781119380597 |
|
1119380596 |
|
9781119380702 |
|
1119380707 |
|
