| Description |
1 online resource (ix, 188 pages) : illustrations (some color) |
| Contents |
Intro; Foreword; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Definition of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 First Statement; 1.1.2 Second Statement; 1.1.3 Third Statement; 1.2 Scoliosis; 1.2.1 Conclusion; 1.3 Adolescent Scoliosis; 1.4 Idiopathic Scoliosis; 1.5 Classification of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; 1.6 Personal Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Natural History; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Etiopathogenesis; 2.3 Prevalence; 2.4 Diagnosis; 2.5 Early Studies on Patient Outcomes; 2.6 Curve Progression; 2.6.1 Skeletal Maturity |
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2.6.1.1 Curve Factors2.6.1.2 Growth Factors; 2.6.2 Curve Location; 2.7 Back Pain and Disability; 2.8 Pulmonary Function; 2.9 Mortality; 2.10 Psychosocial Effects; 2.11 Pregnancy; 2.12 Summary; References; Chapter 3: The Genetic Architecture of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Epidemiology and Inheritance: How Common and 'Genetic' Is AIS?; 3.3 AIS: A Disease of Bone, Muscle, Nerve, or Cartilage?; 3.4 Identifying AIS Genes in Humans: Mapping Susceptibility Loci; 3.4.1 Family-Based Studies; 3.4.2 Population-Based Studies |
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3.4.3 Population-Based Studies of Rare Mutations3.4.4 Chromosomal Breakpoint Mapping; 3.5 Candidate Genes and AIS Etiology; 3.5.1 LBX1; 3.5.2 GPR126; 3.5.3 BNC2; 3.5.4 PAX1 and PAX3; 3.5.5 SOX9; 3.5.6 Other Genes; 3.6 AIS Candidate Genes from Model Systems; 3.6.1 PTK7; 3.6.2 KIF6; 3.7 Quantitative Analyses: Do Genetic Factors Influence Disease Course?; 3.8 AIS Genetics: Ongoing and Future Research; 3.8.1 Genomic Studies; 3.8.2 Epigenetics; 3.8.3 Disease Modeling in Animals; 3.9 Summary; References; Chapter 4: Biomechanics of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; 4.1 Introduction |
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4.1.1 Principles of 3D Reconstruction from Biplanar X-rays4.1.2 Clinical Relevance of 3D Reconstruction from Biplanar X-rays; 4.2 Focus on Vertebrae and Intervertebral Discs; 4.2.1 Vertebrae; 4.2.2 Intervertebral Discs; 4.2.2.1 Normal Intervertebral Discs; 4.2.2.2 Disc Alterations in Scoliosis; 4.2.2.3 Intervertebral Disc Characterization In Vivo; 4.3 Biomechanical Modeling and AIS; 4.3.1 Spine Biomechanical Models; 4.3.2 Clinical Relevance of Spine Biomechanical Models; 4.3.2.1 Mechanism of Curve Progression; 4.3.2.2 Modeling of Brace Correction |
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4.3.2.3 Modeling of Surgical Correction4.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 5: Biochemistry of Idiopathic Scoliosis: From Discovery to Diagnostic Biomarkers; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Biochemical Factors; 5.2.1 Hormonal Factors; 5.2.1.1 Growth Hormone; 5.2.1.2 Estrogens; 5.2.1.3 Leptin; 5.2.1.4 Ghrelin; 5.2.1.5 Melatonin; 5.2.2 Systemic Factors; 5.2.2.1 G Inhibitory Proteins; 5.2.2.2 Osteopontin; 5.2.3 Hematological factors (Platelet Regulatory Factors); 5.2.3.1 Calmodulin; 5.2.4 Bone Metabolism Factors; 5.2.4.1 Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand (RANKL) |
| Summary |
This book provides comprehensive coverage of current topics in idiopathic scoliosis (IS). A three-dimensional deformity of the spine, the condition is characterized by lateral curvature combined with vertebral rotation. The primary lesion, however, lies in the median sagittal plane, taking the form of a lordosis. Although the clinical manifestations of scoliosis have been well documented, its cause and pathogenesis have not yet been determined. Research into what causes IS has focused on the structural elements of the spine, spinal musculature, collagenous structures, the endocrine system, the central nervous system, and genetics. Results of these studies have brought about a new perception of IS epiphenomena, but the main cause of IS remains unknown. Recently, several investigators have produced new hypotheses regarding the cause of IS using the developing techniques of genetics, biochemistry, and neurology. This book is a review of the various causative factors thus far proposed for IS and an introduction to the directions in which research is heading to determine the primary cause of IS |
| Notes |
Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed February 26, 2018) |
| Subject |
Scoliosis.
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Scoliosis -- etiology
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Scoliosis
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HEALTH & FITNESS -- Diseases -- General.
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MEDICAL -- Clinical Medicine.
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MEDICAL -- Diseases.
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MEDICAL -- Evidence-Based Medicine.
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MEDICAL -- Internal Medicine.
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Scoliosis
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| Author |
Machida, Masafumi, editor
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Weinstein, Stuart L., editor.
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Dubousset, Jean, editor
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| ISBN |
9784431565413 |
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4431565418 |
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