| Description |
1 online resource (394 p.) |
| Contents |
Front Cover -- NATURAL GAS HYDRATES -- NATURAL GAS HYDRATES -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface to the fourth edition -- Preface to the third edition -- Preface to the second edition -- Preface to the first edition -- Acknowledgments -- 1 -- Introduction -- 1.1 What is water? -- 1.2 Natural gas -- 1.2.1 Sales gas -- 1.2.2 Hydrates -- 1.3 The water molecule -- 1.3.1 The normal boiling point of water -- 1.3.2 Enthalpy of vaporization -- 1.3.3 Expansion upon freezing -- 1.3.4 The shape of the water molecule and the hydrogen bond -- 1.4 Hydrates -- 1.4.1 Temperature and pressure |
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1.5 Water and natural gas -- 1.5.1 Free-water -- 1.6 Heavy water -- 1.7 The hydrate toolbox -- 1.8 Additional reading -- 1.9 Units -- 1.10 Quantifying error -- References -- Bibliography -- 2 -- Hydrate types and formers -- 2.1 Type I hydrates -- 2.1.1 Type I formers -- 2.2 Type II hydrates -- 2.2.1 Type II formers -- 2.3 Type H hydrates -- 2.3.1 Type H formers -- 2.4 The size of the guest molecule -- 2.4.1 n-Butane -- 2.5 Other hydrocarbons -- 2.6 Cyclopropane -- 2.7 2-Butene -- 2.8 Mercaptans -- 2.8.1 Methyl mercaptan -- 2.8.2 Others -- 2.9 Hydrogen and helium |
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2.10 Chemical properties of potential guests -- 2.11 Liquid hydrate formers -- 2.12 Hydrate forming conditions -- 2.12.1 Pressure-temperature -- 2.12.2 Composition -- 2.12.3 Caution -- 2.12.4 Nitrogen -- 2.12.5 Ethylene -- 2.12.6 Propylene -- 2.12.7 Methyl mercaptan -- 2.13 V+LA+H correlations -- 2.13.1 Ethylene -- 2.14 LA+LN+H correlations -- 2.15 Quadruple points -- 2.15.1 Cyclopropane -- 2.16 Other hydrate formers -- 2.16.1 Freons -- 2.16.2 Halogens -- 2.16.3 Noble gases -- 2.16.4 Air -- 2.16.5 Others -- 2.17 Hydrate formation at 0°C -- 2.18 Mixtures -- 2.18.1 Mixtures of the same type |
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2.18.2 Type I plus Type II -- 2.18.3 Azeotropy -- 2.18.4 Mixtures with nonformers -- 2.18.5 Petroleum -- References -- Appendix 2A Water Content of the Fluid in Equilibrium with Hydrate for Pure Components -- 3 -- Hand calculation methods -- 3.1 The gas gravity method -- 3.1.1 Verifying the approach -- 3.1.1.1 Molar mass -- 3.1.1.2 Boiling point -- 3.1.1.3 Density -- 3.1.1.4 Discussion -- 3.2 The K-Factor method -- 3.2.1 Calculation algorithms -- 3.2.1.1 Flash -- 3.2.1.2 Incipient solid formation -- 3.2.2 Liquid hydrocarbons -- 3.2.3 Computerization |
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3.2.4 Comments on the accuracy of the K-Factor method -- 3.2.4.1 Ethylene -- 3.2.4.2 Mann et al. -- 3.3 Baillie-Wichert method -- 3.4 Other correlations -- 3.4.1 Makogon -- 3.4.2 Kobayashi et al. -- 3.4.3 Motiee -- 3.4.4 Østergaard et al. -- 3.4.5 Towler and Mokhatab -- 3.5 Comments on all of these methods -- 3.5.1 Water -- 3.5.2 Nonformers -- 3.5.3 Isobutane vs. n-Butane -- 3.5.4 Quick comparison -- 3.5.4.1 Mei et al. (1998) -- 3.5.4.2 Fan and Guo (1999) -- 3.5.4.3 Ng and Robinson (1976) -- 3.5.5 Sour natural gas -- 3.5.5.1 Ward et al. (2015) -- 3.6 Local models -- 3.6.1 Wilcox et al. (1941) |
| Notes |
Description based upon print version of record |
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3.6.2 Composition |
| Form |
Electronic book
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| ISBN |
9780128223871 |
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0128223871 |
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