| Description |
1 online resource (x, 150 pages) : illustrations (some color) |
| Series |
The Latin American Studies book series, 2366-3421 |
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Latin American studies book series.
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| Contents |
Preface; Contents; Abbreviations; 1 Introduction; Abstract; References; 2 Nomenclatures and Taxonomy; Abstract; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Morphometric Analysis; 2.3 Data Set; 2.4 Bivariate Analyses; 2.5 Multivariate Analyses; 2.6 Morphology; 2.7 Discussion; 2.8 Systematic Paleontology; 2.9 Conclusions; References; 3 Museum and Collections; Abstract; References; 4 Phylogeny; Abstract; References; 5 Biostratigraphy and Biogeography; Abstract; 5.1 Biochronological Units; 5.2 Time Scale and Palaeoclimatic Framework; 5.3 Biogeography of Equini; References |
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6 Ancient Feeding Ecology and Niche Differentiation of Pleistocene HorsesAbstract; 6.1 Stable Isotope Analysis of Fossil Horses; 6.1.1 Stable Isotope Analyses on Mammalian Bioapatite and Collagen; 6.1.1.1 Carbon; 6.1.1.2 Oxygen; 6.1.2 Materials and Methods; 6.1.3 Paleoecology of Horse from South American; 6.2 Body Mass Evolution and Diversification Within South American Horses; 6.2.1 Predicting Mass Estimates; References; 7 Horses and Megafauna Extinction; Abstract; 7.1 Human Arrival Times; 7.2 Latest Pleistocene Climate Change; 7.3 Vegetation Changes and QME; 7.4 Horses Extinction Evidence |
| Summary |
This book provides an update on the phylogeny, systematics and ecology of horses in South America based on data provided over the past three decades. The contemporary South American mammalian communities were shaped by the emergence of the Isthmus of Panama and by the profound climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene. Horses were a conspicuous group of immigrant mammals from North America that arrived in South America during the Pleistocene. This group is represented by 2 genera, Hippidion and Equus, which include small species (Hippidion devillei, H. saldiasi, E. andium and E. insulatus) and large forms (Equus neogeus and H. principale). Both groups arrived in South America via 2 different routes. One model designed to explain this migration indicates that the small forms used the Andes corridor, while larger horses used the eastern route and arrived through some coastal areas. Molecular dating (ancient DNA) suggests that the South American horses separated from the North American taxa (caballines and the New World stilt-legged horse) after 3.6 - 3.2 Ma, consistent with the final formation of the Panamanian Isthmus. Recent studies of stable isotopes in these horses indicate an extensive range of 13C values cover closed woodlands to C4 grasslands. This plasticity agrees with the hypothesis that generalist species and open biome specialist species from North America indicate a positive migration through South America |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references |
| Notes |
Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed May 9, 2017) |
| Subject |
Horses, Fossil -- South America
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Horses, Fossil.
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Biogeography.
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Animal ecology.
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Palaeontology.
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NATURE -- Fossils.
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Horses, Fossil
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South America
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| Author |
Alberdi, M. T., author.
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| ISBN |
9783319558776 |
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3319558773 |
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