| Description |
1 online resource (0 pages) |
| Contents |
Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Chapter 1 What Are Infectious Disease Outbreaks?: Rasha Maal-Bared, PhD -- Kari Brisolara -- Keerthi Palanisamy -- Leilani Perriatt -- & -- Albert Rubin -- 1.0 Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses -- 1.1 History of Infectious Agents and Disease Outbreaks -- 1.2 What Are Zoonoses? -- 2.0 Definitions You Should Know -- 2.1 Public Health Definitions -- 2.2 Microbiology Definitions -- 2.3 Water and Wastewater Treatment Definitions -- 2.4 Molecular Biology Definitions -- 3.0 Impacts on Economies, Communities, and Water Resource Recovery Facilities -- 3.1 Impacts on the Economy, Health Care, and Other Areas -- 3.2 Impacts on Water Resource Recovery Facilities-The COVID-19 Case Study -- 3.2.1 Lockdowns and Changes in Consumption Patterns -- 3.2.2 Increased Use of Wipes -- 3.2.3 Increased Consumption of Antibiotics, Disinfectants, and Cleaning Products -- 4.0 Resources -- 4.1 Publicly Available -- 4.2 Require Access -- Chapter 2 Pathogens in Wastewater: Chuck Gerba -- Tiong Gim Aw, PhD -- Bo Li -- Prakit Saingam -- Samendra Sherchan -- & -- Mark Sobsey -- 1.0 Classifications and Characteristics Relevant to Removal, Inactivation, or Control Microorganisms -- 1.1 Classes and Their Properties -- 1.2 The Chain of Infection -- 2.0 Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases in Water Resource Recovery Facility Workers -- 2.1 Major Routes of Exposure in Wastewater Systems -- 2.1.1 Untreated Wastewater -- 2.1.2 Bioaerosols -- 2.1.3 Sludge and Biosolids -- 2.2 Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases Among Wastewater Workers -- 3.0 Relevant Pathogens -- 3.1 Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene-Related Pathogens -- 3.1.1 Bacterial -- 3.1.1.1 Campylobacter -- 3.1.1.2 Escherichia coli and Its Pathogenic Strains -- 3.1.1.3 Salmonella -- 3.1.1.4 Vibrio cholerae -- 3.1.1.5 Shigella |
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3.1.1.6 Yersiniae enterocolitica -- 3.1.2 Viral -- 3.1.2.1 Aichi Viruses -- 3.1.2.2 Adenoviruses -- 3.1.2.3 Astroviruses -- 3.1.2.4 Enteroviruses -- 3.1.2.5 Hepatitis A -- 3.1.2.6 Norovirus -- 3.1.2.7 Rotavirus -- 3.1.2.8 Sapovirus -- 3.1.2.9 Reoviruses -- 3.1.2.10 Parechovirus -- 3.1.3 Protozoa -- 3.1.3.1 Cryptosporidium -- 3.1.3.2 Cyclospora -- 3.1.3.3 Entamoebah histolytica -- 3.1.3.4 Giardia -- 3.1.3.5 Toxoplasma gondii -- 3.1.3.6 Balantidium coli-Less Relevant -- 3.1.3.7 Blastocystis hominis -- 3.1.3.8 Cystoisospora belli (Formerly Isospora) -- 3.1.4 Fungi-Microsporidia -- 3.1.5 Helminths -- 3.2 Other Pathogens of Interest -- 3.2.1 Enteric -- 3.2.1.1 Leptospira-Common in Mice, Rodent Vector Control Issues -- 3.2.1.2 Aeromonas hydrophila and Other Pathogenic Species -- 3.2.1.3 Klebsiella Spp., Especially Klebsiella pneumoniae -- 3.2.1.4 Clostridium difficile -- 3.2.1.5 Clostridium perfringens (Primarily Foodborne and Detected as a Fecal Indicator) -- 3.2.1.6 Clostridium tetani (Cause of Tetanus From Wound and Related Exposures) -- 3.2.1.7 Helicobacter Pylori -- 3.2.1.8 MRSA and Other Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria -- 3.2.1.9 Hepatitis E -- 3.2.2 Non-enteric -- 3.2.2.1 Staphylococcus aureus -- 3.2.2.2 Hepatitis B -- 3.2.2.3 Free-Living Amoeba-Acanthamoeba culbertsoni and A. keratitis -- 3.2.2.4 Free-Living Amoeba-Naegleria fowleri -- 3.2.2.5 Legionella pneumophila -- 3.2.2.6 Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- 3.2.2.7 Mycobacterium Avium Complex -- 3.2.3 Viruses That Receive Public Attention but That Have Limited Relevance in Wastewater -- 4.0 Resources for Additional Information on Specific Pathogens -- 4.1 Publicly Available -- 4.2 Additional Resources -- Chapter 3 Current State of the Knowledge on Treatment Efficacy: Kari Brisolara -- Philip Block, PhD -- Chuck Gerba -- Bob Reimers -- Jenny Reina -- Stan Shmia -- Jay Swift -- & -- Yue Xu, PhD |
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1.0 Introduction-overall Pathogens Removals -- 2.0 Wastewater Treatment to Protect Public Health -- 2.1 Effluent-UV -- 2.1.1 Chemistry -- 2.1.2 Mode of Action -- 2.1.3 Inactivation/Log Removals -- 2.1.4 Pros and Cons -- 2.1.4.1 Pros -- 2.1.4.2 Cons -- 2.2 Effluent-Chlorine, Chloramine, and Chlorine Dioxide -- 2.2.1 Chemistry -- 2.2.1.1 Chlorine Demand -- 2.2.1.2 Breakpoint Chlorination -- 2.2.2 Mode of Action -- 2.2.2.1 Chlorine Gas -- 2.2.2.2 Sodium Hypochlorite -- 2.2.2.3 Chloramine -- 2.2.3 Inactivation/Log Removals -- 2.2.4 Pros and Cons -- 2.2.4.1 Pros -- 2.2.4.2 Cons -- 2.3 Effluent-Peracetic Acid and Performic Acid -- 2.3.1 Inactivation/Removal -- 2.3.2 Pros and Cons -- 2.3.2.1 Pros -- 2.3.2.2 Cons -- 2.4 Effluent-Ozone -- 2.4.1 Mode of Action -- 2.4.2 Inactivation/Log Removal -- 2.4.3 Pros and Cons -- 2.5 Biosolids -- 2.5.1 Class A and Class B -- 2.5.2 Overview of Treatment Types With Pros/Cons -- 2.5.2.1 Anaerobic Digestion -- 2.5.2.2 Aerobic Digestion -- 2.5.2.3 Alkaline Stabilization -- 2.5.2.4 Composting -- 2.5.2.5 Thermal Drying -- 2.5.2.6 Pasteurization -- 2.6 Hospital Effluent -- 2.6.1 Hazards Associated With Medical Waste -- 2.6.2 Approved Methods to Disinfect Infectious Wastes -- 2.6.2.1 Incineration (Thermal Destruction) -- 2.6.2.2 Steam Sterilization (Autoclave) -- 2.6.2.3 Dry Heat Sterilization/Thermal Inactivation -- 2.6.2.4 Chemical Disinfection -- 2.6.2.5 Irradiation Technologies (Gamma, Microwave, and E-beam) -- 2.6.2.6 Emerging Technologies: Shredding Medical Waste Followed by Disinfectant -- 2.6.3 Summary of Pros and Cons of Treatment and Disposal Options -- 3.0 Monitoring Water for Pathogens -- 3.1 Molecular Versus Culture-Based Methods -- 3.1.1 Culture-Based Methods -- 3.1.2 Molecular-Based Methods -- 3.1.3 Limitations of Each Approach (Pros and Cons) in Relation With Public Health Decision-Making |
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3.1.3.1 Culture-Based Approaches -- 3.1.3.2 Molecular Approaches -- 3.2 Types of Indicators -- 3.2.1 Bacterial Indicators and Their Standard Methods -- 3.2.2 Protozoan Indicators and Their Standard Methods -- 3.2.3 Viral Indicators and Their Standard Methods -- 3.2.3.1 Bacteriophages -- 3.2.3.2 Other (PMMoV, Adenovirus) -- 4.0 Low- and High-resource Settings -- 4.1 Defining the Issue -- 4.2 Technologies and Solutions -- 5.0 Resources -- 5.1 Publicly Available -- 5.2 Require Access -- Chapter 4 Understanding Risk and Knowledge Gaps: Mark Sobsey, Lee Gary, Bo Li, Prakit Saingam, & -- Samendra Sherchan -- 1.0 Assessing Risk -- 1.1 Qualitative Comparisons -- 1.2 Quantitative Assessments Using Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment and Disability Adjusted Life Year -- 1.2.1 How the World Health Organization Uses DALYs to Quantify Risks -- 1.2.2 What Is QMRA, and How Is It Conducted? -- 1.2.3 Approaches and Metrics Used to Evaluate and Quantify Risk -- 2.0 Examples of Risk Analyses and Associated Metrics -- 2.1 Health Risk-Based Guidance for the Safe Use of Human Fecal Wastes for Agriculture -- 2.2 Health Risk-Based Microbial Standards for Treatment of Human Wastes Using Commercial Nonsewered Sanitation Systems On-Site -- 2.3 Health Risk Analysis for the Microbial Quality of Drinking Water -- 2.4 Epidemiological Health Risk-Based Approach to Address Pathogen Risks in Recreational Waters -- 2.5 Categorical Health Risk Analysis in Relation to Bacteriological Quality of Bathing Waters Based on Field Epidemiological Studies -- 2.6 Assessing and Managing Health Risks from Legionella in Water -- 3.0 Managing Risk and Promoting Preparedness -- 3.1 Identifying, Isolating, and Treating Infections to Prevent and Control Them -- 3.2 Vaccinations and Vaccines Against Known Pathogens -- 3.3 Disinfecting Hospital Waste and Similar Wastes Present in Communities |
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3.4 Disinfecting Surfaces and Tools -- 3.5 Hygiene Practices, Such as Handwashing at Critical Times -- 3.5.1 Handwashing at Critical Times -- 3.5.2 Other Hygiene Measures -- 3.6 Preventing or Reducing Exposure to Pathogens -- 3.6.1 Personal Protective Equipment -- 3.6.2 Engineering Controls of Pathogens -- 3.7 Awareness, Education, and Communication -- 4.0 Case Study: Using Qmra to Assess the Risk of Ebola Transmission to Wastewater Workers -- 5.0 Resources -- 5.1 Publicly Available -- 5.2 Require Access and/or Cited in Text -- Chapter 5 Utility Management and Operation: Learning From Others: Aditya Ramamurthy, Nija Ali, Adam Baron, Stephanie Corso, Shea Dunifon, Maureen Holman, Alexandra Lampson, Dusti Lowndes, Scott Perry, & -- Nelson Sims -- 1.0 Understanding the Macroeconomy -- 2.0 The Circular Economy -- 3.0 Operational Excellence and Performance -- 4.0 Business Continuity: The Dc Water Case -- 4.1 Financial Measures -- 4.1.1 Affordability, Access, and Customer Assistance -- 4.1.2 Revenue Streams (e.g., Reduced Usage, Extended Periods of Nonpayment) -- 4.1.3 Customer-Focused Assistance Programs -- 4.1.3.1 DC Water Cares -- 4.1.3.2 Emergency Residential Relief -- 4.1.3.3 Multifamily Assistance Program for Tenants and Renters -- 4.1.4 Utility Financing Strategies -- 4.1.5 Funding and Grants -- 4.2 Cybersecurity -- 4.3 Utility Workforce -- 4.3.1 Recruitment, Retention, and Staff Engagement -- 4.3.2 Motivation and Morale (Internal and Customer Facing) -- 4.3.3 Union Engagement and Policy Flexibility -- 5.0 Risk Management -- 5.1 Customer Risks -- 5.2 Risk Identification and Response Strategies -- 6.0 Utility Operations Leveraging the Incident Management Team -- 6.1 Incident Management for Common Operation Picture and Span of Control -- 6.1.1 Incident Management and Incident Command -- 6.1.2 Incident Management Team |
| Notes |
6.1.3 Continuous Evaluation and Action Plans |
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Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources |
| Subject |
Waterborne infection -- Handbooks, manuals, etc
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Communicable Diseases -- transmission
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Waterborne infection
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| Genre/Form |
Electronic books
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Handbooks and manuals
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| ISBN |
9781523155712 |
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152315571X |
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9781572784475 |
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1572784474 |
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