Title Modality, subjectivity, and semantic change : a cross-linguistic perspective / Heiko Narrog

Published Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2012

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Description 1 online resource (xiii, 333 pages) : illustrations Series Oxford linguistics Oxford linguistics. Contents ""Cover""; ""Contents""; ""List of Abbreviations""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""1 Introduction""; ""1.1 The study of modality and subjectivity""; ""1.2 Goals of this book""; ""1.3 Theoretical orientation/Principles of the approach""; ""2 Modality and Subjectivity""; ""2.1 Modality""; ""2.1.1 Definition""; ""2.1.2 Subcategories""; ""2.1.3 Modality, mood, and illocution""; ""2.2 Subjectivity in language""; ""2.2.1 From Bréal to Lyons""; ""2.2.2 The pragmatic approach""; ""2.2.3 The conceptualist approach""; ""2.2.4 Differences and commonalities""; ""2.2.5 The cognitive-pragmatic approach"" ""2.2.6 Intersubjectivity and objectivity""""2.3 Subjectivity in modality""; ""2.3.1 Approaches to subjectivity in modality""; ""2.3.2 Structural and non-structural criteria for subjectivity in modal expressions""; ""2.3.3 Conclusion and proposal""; ""2.3.4 The place of intersubjectivity""; ""2.4 A new model of modality and mood""; ""2.4.1 Volitive vs. non-volitive modality""; ""2.4.2 Speech act-oriented vs. event-oriented modality""; ""2.4.3 Integrating volitivity and speech act orientation""; ""3 Modality and Semantic Change""; ""3.1 Semantic change and modal polysemy"" ""3.1.1 Classification of changes: types, processes, or mechanisms?""""3.1.2 Mechanisms of semantic change""; ""3.1.3 Contexts of change""; ""3.1.4 Motivations for semantic change""; ""3.1.5 Directionality of semantic change""; ""3.1.6 (Inter)subjectification""; ""3.2 Hypotheses about the directionality of semantic change in modality""; ""3.2.1 Individual directionalities: from �deontic� or �root� to epistemic""; ""3.2.2 Subjectification in modality""; ""3.2.3 Bybee et al.�s paths of grammaticalization involving modality""; ""3.2.4 A semantic map of modality"" ""3.2.5 The perspective in generative grammar""""3.3 A new proposal""; ""3.3.1 Semantic change as category climbing""; ""3.3.2 Semantic change as increased speech act orientation""; ""3.3.3 Change in the area of modality and mood""; ""4 Illustrating the Model: Some Case Studies""; ""4.1 Change within modality""; ""4.1.1 English can""; ""4.1.2 American Spanish capaz""; ""4.1.3 Japanese be-""; ""4.2 From modality into mood""; ""4.2.1 Japanese be- continued""; ""4.2.2 Japanese -(a)m-""; ""4.3 From modality to illocutionary modification"" ""4.3.1 From epistemic possibility to illocutionary modification""""4.3.2 From speculative to illocutionary modification: daroo""; ""4.4 Into modality""; ""4.4.1 �Likeness� marker> inferential evidential: rasi-""; ""4.4.2 From voice to modality: -(r)are-""; ""4.5 Into mood""; ""4.5.1 From aspect to tense and mood: -Ta""; ""4.5.2 From aspect to subordinating mood: -Tari""; ""4.6 Summary""; ""5 Cross-Linguistic Patterns of Polysemy and Change within Modality and Mood""; ""5.1 The data in Bybee et al. (1994)""; ""5.2 Overview of the data"" Summary This book is a cross-linguistic exploration of semantic and functional change in modal markers. Its approach is broadly functional typological but makes frequent reference to work in formal semantics by scholars such as Angelika Kratzer and Paul Portner. The author starts by considering what modality is and how it relates to and differs from subjectivity. He argues that modality cannot be defined in terms of subjectivity: both concepts are independent of each other, the firstexhibiting different degrees of subjectivity, and the second being operative in a much wider range of grammatical and lexical categories. Subjectivity, he suggests, should not be defined solely in terms of performativity, evidentiality, or construal, but rather from the interplay of multiple semantic andpragmatic factors. He then presents a two-dimensional model for the descriptive representation of modality, based on the notion that among the many aspects of modal meaning, volitivity and speech-act-orientation versus event-orientation are two of its most salient parameters. He shows that it is especially the dimension of speech-act orientation versus event-orientation, parallel to category climbing in syntax, that is operative in diachronic change. Numerous examples of diachronic changewithin modality and between modality and other categories are then examined with respect to their directionality. With a focus on Japanese and to a lesser extent Chinese the book is a countercheck to hypotheses built on the Indo-European languages. It also contains numerous illustrations from otherlanguages Notes Series from dust jacket Bibliography Includes bibliographical references and index Notes Print version record Subject Modality (Linguistics) Subjectivity (Linguistics) Comparative linguistics. LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES -- Grammar & Punctuation. LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES -- Linguistics -- Syntax. Comparative linguistics Modality (Linguistics) Subjectivity (Linguistics) Form Electronic book ISBN 9780191613128 0191613126 1280777346 9781280777349

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