| Description |
1 online resource : illustrations |
| Series |
Master pass |
|
Master pass.
|
| Contents |
Chapter Q1 Define (a) standard deviation, (b) standard error of the mean and (c) 95% confidence interval / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q2 Define sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of screening / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q3 Write short notes on the factors determining drug penetration into the eye / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q4 Write short notes on drug metabolism / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q5 Describe the pupillary responses and their modification by drugs / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q6 List, with examples, pharmacological ways of lowering intraocular pressure / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q7 Write short notes on the pharmacology of cycloplegic drugs / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q8 Write short notes on carbonic anhydrase inhibitors / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q9 Write short notes on the side effects of?-blockers / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q10 Write short notes on the mode of action of drugs that lower blood glucose / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q11 Write short notes on the mode of action of drugs that lower blood pressure / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q12 Write short notes on the side effects of aminoglycosides / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q13 What are the side effects of corticosteroids? / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q14 What are the current therapeutic strategies in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q15 Write short notes comparing rods and cones / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q16 Describe the mechanisms regulating aqueous outflow / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q17 Describe the structures and relationships of different retinal ganglion cell types, including their connection to higher visual pathways / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q18 Write short notes on autoregulation of blood low / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q19 Outline the differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q20 Write short notes on steroid receptors -- Illustrate your answer with reference to the glucocorticoid receptor / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q21 Describe the physiological and pharmacological mechanisms involved in water transfer through tissue / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q22 Write short notes on endocytosis -- Illustrate your answer with an example from the eye / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q23 Discuss mechanisms by which bacteria destroy tissue / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q24 List the ophthalmic manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q25 List the clinical manifestations of giant cell arteritis / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q26 Discuss the pathological effects of ionising radiation / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q27 Draw a diagram of the normal retinal capillary -- How is the structure altered in diabetes? / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q28 Write short notes on the pathogenesis of atheromatous plaques / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q29 Describe the causes and effects of ulcers / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q30 What are free radicals? Write short notes explaining why retinal photoreceptors are particularly vulnerable to free radicals / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q31 Describe ways in which cells die / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q32 Write short notes on viral replication / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q33 Contrast Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q34 Describe the chief mechanisms by which bacteria acquire resistance to antibiotics / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q35 Discuss the microbiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q36 What precautions would be taken to prevent spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection from patient to patient on an ophthalmic ward? / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q37 Write short notes on the principles of sterilisation / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q38 Compare and contrast bacteria, viruses and chlamydia / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q39 Write short notes on genetic linkage analysis -- Give an example / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q40 Discuss the genetic mechanisms involved in neoplasia / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q41 Write short notes on prenatal testing / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q42 Write short notes on the polymerase chain reaction / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q43 What is a chromosomal translocation? Illustrate your answer with an example associated with ocular disease / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q44 Describe the causes and effects of occlusive disease occurring in muscular arteries and arterioles / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q45 List the major roles of complement / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q46 Describe the structure and function of immunoglobulins / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q47 Write short notes on histocompatibility antigens and list three examples of disease associations / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright |
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Chapter Q48 Write short notes on the mechanism of allograft rejection / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q49 Describe how antigen is presented to T lymphocytes / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q50 Discuss the local and systemic effects of neoplasia / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q51 Compare and contrast the innate and adaptive immune responses / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q52 Describe the histology of hypertensive vasculopathy / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q53 Describe the structure and function of mitochondria / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q54 Write short notes on the bony anatomy of the orbit / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q55 Write short notes on the blood supply to the anterior segment of the eye / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q56 Outline the blood supply to the visual pathway / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q57 List the actions of the extraocular muscles and list the differences between extraocular muscles and other skeletal muscles / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q58 Write short notes on the crystallins / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q59 Write short notes on carbohydrate metabolism in the lens / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q60 List, with a brief explanation, the protective mechanisms against oxidative damage to the lens / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q61 Draw a dark adaptation curve and identify the component parts and their significance / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q62 Describe the mechanisms of visual adaptation / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q63 What is known of the function of retinal pigment epithelial cells? / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q64 Write short notes on the electrophysiological investigations of the visual pathway / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q65 Describe the absorption of ultraviolet, visible and infrared light by the eye and discuss their harmful effects / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q66 Describe the retinotopic organisation of the visual pathway -- Use an image in the left superior visual field as an example / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q67 Write short notes on the classification of visual acuity / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q68 Discuss the cortical contribution to visual function / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q69 Write short notes on the normal visual field and how it can be measured / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q70 Write short notes on the principles of intraocular pressure measurement / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q71 Discuss the mechanisms of aqueous secretion and their modification by drugs / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q72 Write short notes on the supranuclear control of eye movements / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q73 Describe the mechanism of colour perception / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q74 Draw a cross-section of the upper eyelid -- Label all important structures and write short notes on each / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q75 Describe the structure and function of the conjunctiva / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q76 Draw a diagram of the anterior chamber drainage angle and write short notes on the anatomy of the structure / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q77 Describe the structure and function of the ciliary body / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q78 Describe the lacrimal gland -- Include a short note on its development / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q79 Discuss the anatomy of the cerebellum, including its blood supply and neuronal connections / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q80 Write short notes on the anatomy of the third cranial nerve nucleus / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q81 Write short notes on the third cranial nerve / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q82 Write short notes on the fourth cranial nerve / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q83 Give an account of the origin, course, relations and functions of the sixth cranial nerve / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q84 Give an account of the structure and function of the primary visual cortex and its neuronal connections / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q85 Write short notes on the paranasal air sinuses / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q86 Write short notes on the ventricles of the brain / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q87 Write short notes on the major photochemical events involved in phototransduction / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q88 Write short notes on retinal neurotransmitters / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q89 List the factors that determine corneal hydration / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q90 Discuss the anatomical features of the extraocular muscles / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q91 What are the Golgi apparatus? How are they involved in the secretion of proteins? Describe this process in relation to mast cells / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q92 Compare and contrast the magnocellular and parvocellular pathways / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q93 Write short notes on the development of the cornea / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q94 Write short notes on the prenatal development of the lens -- Use annotated diagrams where possible / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q95 Write short notes on the early development of the vitreous / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright -- chapter Q96 Write short notes on the development of the retina / Nathaniel Knox Cartwright |
| Summary |
This book is an essential revision aid for those revising for the short answer paper of the Part 1 MRCOphth examination in the United Kingdom and similar examinations elsewhere. It covers many of the frequently asked questions and presents answers in a format that can be reproduced under examination conditions. It covers the basic sciences, and is also a useful reference to refresh the knowledge of experienced ophthalmologists and allied health professionals |
| Notes |
Includes index |
|
Online resource; title from PDF title page (EBSCO, viewed April 27, 2018) |
| Subject |
Ophthalmology -- Examinations, questions, etc
|
|
MEDICAL -- Surgery -- General.
|
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Ophthalmology
|
| Genre/Form |
Examinations
|
|
Examinations.
|
| Form |
Electronic book
|
| Author |
Carvounis, Petros, author
|
| ISBN |
9781315344560 |
|
1315344564 |
|
