ADVANCES IN ENERGY RESEARCH. VOLUME 1 -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- TROPICAL CYCLONE-OCEAN INTERACTION:NUMERICAL STUDIES -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Numerical Models -- 2.1. Mixed-Layer Ocean Model -- 2.2. Diurnally Varying SST Scheme -- 2.3. Ocean General Circulation Model -- 2.4. Regional Atmospheric Model -- 2.5. Regional Nonhydrostatic Atmospheric Model -- 3. Oceanic Response to TCS -- 3.1. Observation -- 3.2. SSC Formation Processes -- 3.3. Turbulent Kinetic Energy and Upper-Ocean Stratification -- 4. Oceanic Biochemical Response to TCs
5. Idealized TC-Like Vortex and SSC5.1. Idealized Numerical Experiments -- 5.2. Model and Experiment Design -- 5.3. Effect of Central Pressure Evolution -- 5.4. Effect of Structural Change -- 6. Numerical Simulation and Oceanic Conditions -- 6.1. Mature Phase of Typhoon Namtheun (2004) -- 6.2. Intensification Phase of Typhoon Hai-Tang (2005) -- 6.2.1. Reanalysis and Observation of Hai-Tang -- 6.2.2. Ekman Pumping and Oceanic Preexisting Conditions -- 6.2.3. Impact on TC Intensification -- 7. Atmosphere-Wave-Ocean Coupled Model -- 7.1. Background
7.2. Wave Model7.3. Impact of the Sea State -- 8. Conclusion -- References -- THE FUTURE OF ENERGY:THE GLOBAL CHALLENGE -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Renewable Energy -- 2.1. Water Resources and Desalination -- 2.2. Wind Energy -- 2.3. Biofuels -- 2.4. Landfill -- 2.5. Solar Energy -- 2.6. Fuel Cells -- 2.7. Hydrogen -- 2.8. Ethanol Production -- 3. Nuclear -- 4. Distributed Generation -- 5. Hydropower Potential -- 6. Biomass -- 7. Sustainable Development -- 8. Cost Comparison of Diesel and Wind Pumps
8.1. Privatisation and Price Liberalisation in Energy Source Supplies8.2. Greenhouse Gases Emissions (GHGs) -- Conclusions -- References -- TROPICAL CYCLONE-OCEANINTERACTION: CLIMATOLOGY -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. SST and TCHP -- 2.1. SST -- 2.2. TCHP -- 3. Ocean Data Analysis System -- 3.1. Model -- 3.2. Assimilation Scheme -- 4. SST and TC Intensity in the WNP -- 4.1. TC Activity in the WNP -- 4.2. SST and Central Pressure -- 5. TCHP and TC Intensity/Intensification in the WNP -- 5.1. Statistics
5.2. Environment for Rapid Intensification6. TCHP and TC Activity on a Climate Scale -- 6.1. Background -- 6.2. TCHP Climatology -- 6.3. TCHP Variations -- 6.4. TCHP and Atmospheric Response on a Seasonal Scale -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- SUNLIGHT AND SKYLIGHT AVAILABILITY -- Abstract -- 4.1. Extraterrestrial Illuminance as the Availability Criterion -- 4.2. Parallel Sun-Beam Illuminance and the Ground-LevelAvailability -- 4.3. Sunshine Duration as the Time Descriptor of SunlightAvailability
