| Description |
1 online resource (222 p.) |
| Contents |
Intro -- Biophotonics, Tryptophan and Disease -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the editors -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Part I: Biophotonics to investigate tryptophan and its metabolites -- Chapter 1: The physics of key biophotonic techniques -- Introduction -- Tryptophan fluorescence -- Features of a fluorescent spectral profile from tryptophan -- The design of photonic devices used in the evaluation of intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence -- Light sources and detectors -- Instruments used for tryptophan fluorescence -- Raman spectroscopy of tryptophan -- Basic principles of Raman spectroscopy -- Resonance Raman and tryptophan -- References -- Chapter 2: Tryptophan analysis using multiphoton microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging -- Introduction -- Multiphoton microscopy -- Lifetime fluorescence and Förster resonance energy transfer -- Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy -- Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy, one photon (1P), and two photon excitation of tryptophan -- Three photon (3P) excitation of tryptophan -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Deep-ultraviolet microscopy for tryptophan label-free imaging in cells and tissue -- Introduction -- Absorption -- Intrinsic fluorescence -- Resonance Raman scattering -- Photothermal effect -- Multiphoton excitation -- Instrumentation -- Discussion and conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: Tryptophan as a biomarker using terahertz spectroscopy -- Introduction -- High frequency modes: Terahertz spectroscopy at the upper range -- Optical spectroscopy of tryptophan -- Low frequency modes: Terahertz spectroscopy at the lower range -- Overview of water: The environment of proteins -- Bulk water -- Bound water -- Biological water -- The relaxation dynamics of water: Implications for THz spectroscopy -- Free vs bound tryptophan -- THz and tryptophan |
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THz spectroscopy of free tryptophan -- THz spectroscopy of tryptophan in proteins -- THz spectroscopy for disease assessment, in particular cancer diagnosis -- References -- Part II: Tryptophan in diseases -- Chapter 5: The role of tryptophan in Chagas disease and other trypanosomatid infections -- Introduction -- Trypanosoma cruziand the example of Chagas disease -- Tryptophan metabolism during theT. cruzicycle in the insect vector and during human infection -- Metabolism of tryptophan byT. cruziin the triatomine insect vector -- Metabolism of tryptophan during infection of the vertebrate host byT. cruzi -- The influence of tryptophan on other trypanosomatids -- Trypanosoma brucei -- Leishmaniaspecies -- Genetic analysis of the enzymes tyrosine aminotransferase and aromatic L-2 hydroxyacid dehydrogenase (TcAHADH) -- The tyrosine aminotransferase gene (TAT) -- Trypanosoma cruzi -- Leishmaniaspecies -- Phylogenetic reconstruction of TAT for trypanosomatidia -- Aromatic L-2 hydroxyacid dehydrogenase (AHADH) -- Implications of phylogenetic findings -- Role for photonics -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Tryptophan fluorescence for early evaluation of cataracts -- Introduction -- The eye lens -- Tryptophan spectroscopy -- Fluorescence measurements in the eye lens -- Identification of the chemical nature of non-Trp emission -- Spectral characterization of fluorescent PTMs -- Quantification of fluorescent PTMs -- Fluorescence confocal microscopy of post-mortem donor eye lenses -- Significance of PTMs in crystallins -- Cataracts therapy -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7: Tryptophan, after inflammatory cytokine stimulation, determines plaque vulnerability and risk of myocardial in ... -- Introduction -- Inflammation -- Kynurenines and cardiac disease -- Plaque atherogenesis and vulnerability -- References |
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Chapter 8: Tryptophan and metabolites (serotonin and kynurenines) in posttraumatic stress disorder -- PTSD: Definition and diagnostic criteria -- Prevalence -- Biology of PTSD -- Neuroendocrine -- Neurochemical -- Serotonin -- Catecholamines -- Amino acids -- Peptides -- Neuroanatomic -- Metabolic pathways of tryptophan -- Kynurenic acid and quinolinic acid -- Serotonin -- Melatonin -- Tryptophan derivatives and PTSD -- Genetic studies on tryptophan metabolism -- Neuroinflammation -- Pharmacologic treatments -- Antidepressants -- Melatonin -- Anti-inflammatory drugs -- Non-pharmacologic interventions -- Lifestyle modifications -- Effects of diet on tryptophan metabolism -- Benefits of exercise on tryptophan metabolism -- References -- Chapter 9: Effects of tryptophan metabolism on the brain: From early development to Alzheimer's disease -- Introduction -- l-tryptophan and its metabolites -- Fluorescence-based techniques to detect tryptophan -- Lifetime fluorescence techniques to analyze tryptophan -- Concluding remarks -- References -- Chapter 10: Excess activity of 3-hydroxykynurenine, quinolinic acid, and other toxic tryptophan metabolites in neurogener ... -- Introduction -- Parkinson's disease and abnormal protein aggregates -- Protein aggregates cause cell death by puncturing lipid membranes -- Protein aggregation in Alzheimer's (ALZ) -- Tryptophan metabolism and the kynurenine pathway -- Increased KYN pathway activity in neurodegenerative diseases -- Kynurenines and quinolinic acid in other proteopathies -- Optical techniques to measure TRY -- Raman spectroscopy -- TRY fluorescence -- ALZ patients have increased KYN pathway activity only in affected areas of the brain -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 11: Tryptophan and kynurenine levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome -- Introduction -- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome |
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Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome-inflammation -- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, tryptophan, and kynurenine pathway -- High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to analyze tryptophan and kynurenine -- Results of our previous study -- Concluding remarks and future perspective -- References -- Part III: Current applications: Biophotonics to study the role of tryptophan in diseases -- Chapter 12: Fluorescence-based techniques using plasma: A unique biomarker for different cancers -- Introduction -- Experimental details -- Results -- Synchronous fluorescence excitation spectroscopy of tryptophan -- Receiver operating characteristic analysis -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 13: Synchronous luminescence spectroscopy of tryptophan in head and neck cancer -- Introduction -- The ratio technique for tissue characterization -- Principle of the SLS technique -- SLS of tryptophan in oral cancer -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 14: Tryptophan fluorescence for diagnosis and staging of gastrointestinal cancers -- Tryptophan in normal and cancerous tissues -- Tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopy -- Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) of tryptophan -- Tryptophan fluorescence in saliva and gastric juice for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers -- Tryptophan fluorescence in tissues for diagnosis of oral and esophageal cancers -- Tryptophan fluorescence in tissues for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers -- Statistical evaluation of the fluorescence from normal and cancerous colorectal tissue -- Tryptophan fluorescence for staging of gastrointestinal cancer -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part IV: The future: New directions in biophotonics and the study of tryptophan and disease |
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Chapter 15: Tryptophan fluorescence and machine learning to study the aggressiveness of prostate cancer cell lines: A pil ... -- Introduction -- NFL from fibroblast, DU-145, and PC-3 cell lines -- NFL from LNCaP, DU-145, and PC-3 cell lines -- Principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis to analyze the NFL spectra offibroblast, DU-145, and PC-3 cel ... -- Nonnegative matrix factorization to analyze NFL spectra of LNCaP, DU-145, and PC-3 cell lines -- Support vector machines to classify the NFL spectra from LNCaP, DU-145, PC-3 cell lines -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 16: The principles of machine learning algorithms: Applications to biophotonics and disease -- Introduction -- Popular machine learning algorithms -- Artificial neural networks -- Convolutional neural networks -- Radial basis function network -- Support vector machines -- Principal component analysis -- Machine learning and optical spectroscopy for the assessment of disease -- Tryptophan fluorescence -- Raman spectroscopy -- Future directions and limitations of machine learning algorithms in biophotonics -- Conclusion -- Appendix A. Math background and notation -- References -- Index |
| Notes |
Description based upon print version of record |
| Subject |
Tryptophan.
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Biochemistry.
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Tryptophan
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Biochemistry
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biochemistry.
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Biochemistry
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Tryptophan
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| Author |
Sordillo, Peter P
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| ISBN |
9780128227916 |
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0128227915 |
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