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E-book
Author Stensrud, David J

Title Parameterization schemes : keys to understanding numerical weather prediction models / David J. Stensrud
Published Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2007

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Description 1 online resource (xviii, 459 pages) : illustrations, maps
Contents Cover; PARAMETERIZATION SCHEMES: KEYS TO UNDERSTANDING NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION MODELS; Title; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; Preface; List of principal symbols and abbreviations; 1 Why study parameterization schemes?; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Model improvements; 1.3 Motivation; 1.4 Question; 2 Land surface-atmosphere parameterizations; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Overview of the surface energy budget; 2.2.1 Incoming solar radiation (QS); 2.2.2 Albedo (a); 2.2.3 Longwave upwelling radiation (QLu); 2.2.4 Longwave downwelling radiation (QLd); 2.2.5 Sensible heat flux (QH)
2.2.6 Latent heat flux (QE)2.2.7 Ground heat flux (QG); 2.3 Net radiation; 2.3.1 Incoming solar radiation; 2.3.2 Upwelling longwave radiation; 2.3.3 Downwelling longwave radiation; 2.4 Sensible heat flux; 2.5 Latent heat flux; 2.5.1 Moisture availability; 2.5.2 Penman-Monteith approach; 2.5.3 Priestley-Taylor approach; 2.6 Ground heat flux; 2.6.1 Frozen soil; 2.7 Surface energy budget equation; 2.8 Representation of terrain; 2.9 Discussion; 2.10 Questions; 3 Soil-vegetation-atmosphere parameterizations; 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Biophysical control of evapotranspiration; 3.1.2 Momentum transfer
3.1.3 Soil moisture availability3.1.4 Radiation; 3.1.5 Insulation; 3.2 Describing vegetation in models; 3.3 Describing soils in models; 3.4 Biophysical control of evapotranspiration; 3.4.1 Bare soil evaporation; 3.4.2 Canopy water evaporation; 3.4.3 Transpiration from vegetation; 3.4.4 Subgrid variability; 3.5 Momentum transfer; 3.6 Soil moisture availability; 3.7 Radiation; 3.8 Specifying soil temperature and soil moisture; 3.9 Discussion; 3.10 Questions; 4 Water-atmosphere parameterizations; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Observing sea surface temperature; 4.3 Sensible heat flux
4.4 Latent heat flux4.5 Coupled ocean-atmosphere models; 4.6 Discussion; 4.7 Questions; 5 Planetary boundary layer and turbulence parameterizations; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Reynolds averaging; 5.3 Turbulence closure; 5.4 Non-local closure schemes; 5.4.1 Mixed layer schemes; 5.4.2 Penetrative convection scheme; 5.4.3 Non-local diffusion scheme; 5.5 Local closure schemes; 5.5.1 First-order closure scheme; 5.5.2 1.5-order local closure scheme; 5.5.3 Second-order closure scheme; 5.6 Turbulence and horizontal diffusion; 5.7 Discussion; 5.8 Questions; 6 Convective parameterizations; 6.1 Introduction
6.2 Influences of deep convection on the environment6.3 Deep-layer control convective schemes; 6.3.1 Arakawa-Schubert convective scheme; 6.3.2 Betts-Miller convective scheme; 6.3.3 Kuo convective scheme; 6.4 Low-level control convective schemes; 6.4.1 Mass flux convective schemes; 6.4.2 Tiedtke convective scheme; 6.4.3 Gregory-Rowntree convective scheme; 6.4.4 Kain-Fritsch convective scheme; 6.4.5 Emanuel convective scheme; 6.5 Shallow convection; 6.6 Trigger functions; 6.7 Discussion; 6.8 Questions; 7 Microphysics parameterizations; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Particle types; 7.2.1 Cloud droplets
Summary Reference on numerical weather prediction for academic researchers, meteorologists, and graduate students
Bibliography Includes bibliographical references and index
Notes English
Print version record
Subject Numerical weather forecasting.
SCIENCE -- Earth Sciences -- Geography.
SCIENCE -- Earth Sciences -- Geology.
Numerical weather forecasting
Modell
Numerische Wettervorhersage
Parameter Mathematik
Klima
Form Electronic book
ISBN 9781461944843
1461944848
9780511812590
0511812590
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